Wallace Mochu & Gerryshom Munala
Page No.: 2659 - 2677
Management of domestic wastewater has a direct impact on the environmental health of urban dwellers and the general physical condition of an urban settlement. This paper analyses domestic wastewater management in Mlolongo and Ruiru towns in Kenya. The methodology applied for the study was by survey through observation of wastewater systems in the neighbourhood, and interviews of home owners and tenants, and selected key County Government informants. The study revealed Mlolongo relied entirely on decentralized systems while Ruiru had a hybrid system consisting of pockets with centralized system but the larger areas relying on decentralized systems. The study revealed that 98% of the residents in Mlolongo rely on septic tanks, conservancy pits, and pit latrines while 48% of residents in Ruiru depend on septic tanks and communal toilets for their domestic wastewater management. The domestic wastewater systems were rated to be very poor by over 50% of the residentswith little or no participation by the residents in their management. The study demonstrated that the decentralized wastewater systems covered the entire satellite towns under study. 68% of residents in Mlolongo and 48% of the residents in Ruiru share their wastewater collection facilities with more than 15 persons. On sustainability, the study revealed low score from managerial, organizational, environmental, planning, and financial perspective. A sustainable model of managing domestic wastewater in satellite towns has been developed that aims at recognizing the need of recovering resources from the domestic wastewater while minimizing the user costs.
Bijendra Kumar
Page No.: 2678 - 2683
Bijendra Kumar
Page No.: 2684 - 2691
The profession of teaching was viewed as a labour of love. However, image of the teachers now is not glorious with increasing industrialization, urbanization and societal upliftment from the modification required in all major institutions of society, Educational institutions cannot be exempted.
Keywords: Self-Concept, Primary School Teachers, Professional Satisfaction.
Khan Tanveer Habeeb
Page No.: 2692 - 2698
Mr. Shingade B.N. & Wakchaure R.N.
Page No.: 2699 - 2707
Parul Parihar & B.T.Lawani
Page No.: 2706 - 2724
Kasture Padmaja B.
Page No.: 2725 - 2729
Jayshree Singh
Page No.: 2730 - 2743
Keywords: Poetic Imagination, Humanity, Nature, Poetic pleasure, Creative process
Riddhi Jhalani
Page No.: 2744 - 2757
Shalini Sharma
Page No.: 2758 - 2762
Keywords: Legal literacy, Law, Society
N. Samuel Babu
Page No.: 2763 - 2768
Note-making is one of the most important writing skills which any adult learner needs at the college level. The present investigation was to delineate the perceptions of teachers of English in imbibing the strategies of note-making. A self-made questionnaire was administered on thirty-two lecturers teaching English drawn from Government funded institutions of Hyderabad District in Telangana State. The results indicated that the sample had positive perceptions on the utility of making notes and could impart effective note-making strategies among the entry level students. Implications as well as suggestions for future research were portrayed.
Komalchand gajbhiye & Binoti sheth
Page No.: 2769 - 2779
Materials and methods: Thirty children with age less than ten years, who were showing signs of nutritional rickets were investigated radiologically andbiochemically. The diagnosed cases of nutritional rickets were followed up overa period of six months. The investigations were repeated at 3weeks, 6weeks, 3months and 6 months.
Results: Using students‘t’ test and chi square test,Serum alkaline phosphatase wasfound to be most important biochemical variables that statistically correlated with active and healing rickets while cupping was found the most reliable sign of active disease.
Conclusion: Radiological and Biochemical investigations correlate well with radiological parameters in case of nutritional rickets. Serum alkaline phosphatase is most useful in diagnosis and treatment of the disease.
Keywords: Nutritional rickets, rachitic rosary, vitamin D.
Bharat V. Patil
Page No.: 2780 - 2786
Prakash jagtap
Page No.: 2787 - 2789
Mona Vij
Page No.: 2791 - 2802
C. Ashok Kumar & K.K. Rajendran
Page No.: 2803 - 2813
Babita
Page No.: 2814 - 2820
T. M. Varat
Page No.: 2821 - 2829
There are three basic need of human being, namely, food, shelter and clothes. In order to fulfill this need mankind involves in “occupation”. Occupational structure also influences the socio-economic development of an area (Henry, S. 1971). Any change in the occupational structure may be an indication of economic growth. Besides economic development, occupational structure and composition also throws enough light on the social inequality of the area. (Maurya, 1989). The significance of occupational distribution of population of a region lies in the fact that, it clearly reveals the socio-economic characteristics of the people living that particular region. It is, hence, one of the important measures of socio-economic development of the country. In this research the study is dealing with the dimensions of occupational structure relating to the population of the Ahmednagar tahsil; eventual rural urban differential are also analyzed
Rajvir Singh
Page No.: 2830 - 2845
Ranita Ghosh
Page No.: 2846 - 2853
Yogesh Kumar
Page No.: 2854 - 2860
Bikramjit Kaur
Page No.: 2861 - 2872
-Brundtland commission on World Commission on Environment and Development
India\\\\\\\'s success in sustaining high growth and poverty alleviation will substantially contribute to achieving the ambitious Sustainable Development Goals. The year 2015 is a landmark year for global development - the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and the world is set to adopt a new set of transformative and universal sustainable development goals (SDGs). At this juncture, when the framework for the next phase of global development is being formulated, it becomes critical to assess the achievements of the MDGs in India. Improving the lives of 1.4 billion Indians would make a major dent in the goal of improving the lives of all humanity. The process of doing so will bring forth technologies and pathways to progress that can be shared with other developing countries to enable them to also share in the increased prosperity. The paper focuses on strategies for sustainable development which are necessary for survival of our present generation as well as for the coming generation. An attempt is also made to study India’s progress towards achieving the Millennium Development Goals and the challenges that India faces in achieving sustainable development goals.
Keywords: Sustainable development goals, Present and Future Generation, Millennium Development Goals.
Mrs. Babita
Page No.: 2873 - 2880
Prasamita Mohanty
Page No.: 2873 - 2888
Azad Ahmad Andrabi & Nayyar Jabeen
Page No.: 2889 - 2894
Keywords: socio-economic status, academic achievement, tribal, non-tribal.
Prasanta Kumar Acharya
Page No.: 2889 - 2898
Education involves learning, dissemination of the knowledge and experiences. In broader sense education refers to the gaining of experience in everyday life. It can take place everywhere like, at home, religious institutions, social gatherings, cultural activities, schools and other means such as television, newspaper, internet, social media, etc. Sometimes these sources of knowledge are categorized under the non formal education. But when the learning disabilities or difficulties referred it is always related to learning that takes place in a formal ways that is in the schools or any educational institutions. It is a common phenomenon that every learner is different in the level of intelligence. Some have more and some have less. Sometimes this factor is considered as an intervening agent in the learning process of the students or learners and their achievement. Learning disabilities is another factor which intervenes in the learning of the learner. Again there are several forms of learning disabilities; they are Reading Disabilities (Dyslexia), Mathematics Disabilities (Dyscalculia), Writing Disabilities (Dysgraphia) and difficulty in remembering words (Dysnomia) and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD).Since, dyslexia is also one of learning difficulties has greater roles in effecting the performance and achievement of the learners. But till twenties dyslexia was not known to us. It doesn’t mean that it was not existed before twenties. Though it existed but was not detected or not known by this name. Therefore, the present paper intends to highlight on the status and awareness of secondary school teachers on Reading Disabilities (Dyslexia) in papumpare district of Arunachal Pradesh on the basis of empirical findings of the study.
Manjit kaur
Page No.: 2899 - 2907
Ukachi E. Igbo, Morenike A. Osinubi, Ruth O. Ishola, Victor I. Isiba, Emmanue U. Akubueze, Ahmed S. Aroke, Chima C. Igwe & Gloria N. Elemo
Page No.: 2908 - 2913
Suhas Avhad
Page No.: 2914 - 2919
India being a developing economy with high inflation, depreciation of the currency is quite natural. Depreciation of rupee is good, so long as it is not volatile. A random depreciation that we have seen in the last few months is bad and it has hurt the economy. The country was in the grip of high inflation, low growth and the foreign reserves were not even worth to meet three weeks of imports. India got freedom from British rule on Aug 15, 1947. At that time the Indian rupee was linked to the British pound and its value was at par with the American dollar. There was no foreign borrowing on India\'s balance sheet.
Sant Prakash Singh
Page No.: 2920 - 2927
Prabhakar S. Chavan
Page No.: 2928 - 2934
The present study aims to outline problems faced by construction workers in Kamothe, Navi Mumbai city. Construction sector comes under unorganised sector of an economy. The term unorganised labour has been defined as those workers who have not been able to organise themselves in pursuit of their common interest due to certain constraints like casual nature of employment, ignorance and illiteracy, small and scattered size of establishment. Construction sector plays a major role in the development of the economy, where the construction workers face many problems in their day-to-day life. Some of the problems are discussed in this study. The major problems are working for more number of hours, staying away from home, bad habits, and absence of social security, misunderstanding, arguments, stress, skin and physical health problems.
Lt. V. Parimala Venu
Page No.: 2935 - 2939
Surwade Harish R & Arvind K Jain
Page No.: 2940 - 2941
Leema. k.m & T. Mohamed Saleem
Page No.: 2942 - 2948
Savita Gupta
Page No.: 2949 - 2961
Science is the most important subject and it helps to develop the problem solving, reasoning power, creativity of the students. To understand the scientific process of any concept teaching material is very necessary.For developing it very much financial burden to purchase expensive teaching material from other countries. We are going to observe that up to which extent low cost /no cost teaching is used in elementary schools. Because at elementary stage concept are not very much complex, they can be understand with the help of easily approachable teaching materials like no cost low cost teaching materials. So investigator feel tempted to study the availability and usages of low cost no cost teaching material by elementary school teachers in pedagogy of science. The focus of this study is on use of low cost- no cost teaching material by the elementary school teachers in pedagogy of science.
Cerón-Franco Aureliano & Ramírez-Torres Flor
Page No.: 2962 - 2969
The purpose of this study was to improve the cell counting procedure of peripheral blood smear in clinical analysis using an automatic identification system to sort Lymphocytes and Segmented Neutrophils, with the graphical programming environment LabVIEWTM. The process involves the acquisition of samples images through a digital microscope, applying color filters to locate and extract the cells of interest and a threshold process in order to obtain some parameters to determine the cell type. The software was designed to reach a predetermined number of cells. In addition, it gives the percentage of Lymphocytes and Segmented Neutrophils of the total sample.
Anjali Jagtap
Page No.: 2970 - 2976
Atul Mahajan, Jitender Singh, Monika Mahajan & Rashi Jandrotia
Page No.: 2977 - 2986
Sapna Sen & Vishal Sood
Page No.: 2987 - 2996
For measuring self-efficacy of secondary school teachers, the present task was undertaken to construct and standardized teachers’ self-efficacy scale. For this, data were collected from secondary school teachers by adopting convenient sampling technique in combination with purposive sampling technique. An item pool was developed initially by consulting various sources and theoretical and empirical literature available in the concerned area. This item pool was put to evaluation and criticism by technical as well as language experts. The preliminary draft of teachers’ self-efficacy scale was further subjected to item analysis to select only highly discriminating items. The reliability of scale was ascertained with the help of test-retest and split-half method which were found to be appreciably high. The validity of teachers’ self-efficacy scale was also ascertained and norms were established for interpretation of obtained scores on the scale. In the last, conclusions have been presented and implications in the shape of the applicability and usefulness of teachers’ self-efficacy scale have been discussed.
Ajender Singh & Vishal Sood
Page No.: 2997 - 3005
Keywords: School Management Committees, Tribal Areas
Prerna Mandhyan
Page No.: 3023 - 3027
India is consisting largest system of teacher education in India. Besides the University Departments of education and their affiliated colleges there are a number of govt. and govt. aided institutions and self financing colleges and open universities who are engaged in teacher education. The present study analyse PPP model with special reference to Employment as output of pre service teacher education programme. This paper explores the teacher education in Allahabad, district of State Uttar Pradesh with a special focus on pre-service teacher education programme at secondary stage running by different type of institutions. Finally, the study examines and assesses the current status of public and private institutions in providing employment opportunity. The study further probes different views on PPP model in pre-service teacher education programme.
Amulya Kumar Acharya
Page No.: 3028 - 3041
Environmental Protection Act (1986) defined, “Environment as the sum total of water, air and land, their interrelationship among themselves and with the human beings, other living beings and property. Environmental education is a process that allows individuals to explore environmental issues, engage in problem solving, and take action to improve the environment. As a result, individuals develop a deeper understanding of environmental issues and have the skills to make informed and responsible decisions (United States, Environmental Protection Agency). Environment is degrading at a much faster pace than our imagination. Most of this mess is caused by human activities. The damage is both at global and regional level. Depletion of ozone layer and increase in the emission of greenhouse gas are the examples of the damage at global level whereas ground water pollution, soil erosion are some of the regional consequences of human activities and their impact on environment. To protect and manage environment it is imperative to have a sound environmental education. It is a way to teach people and societies on how to use the present and future resources optimally. Through environmental education the students of schools, colleges and universities can gain knowledge to handle the fundamental issues leading to local pollution and environmental related hazards. Colleges and Universities in India mostly focus on teaching, research and training moreover imparting theoretical knowledge in environmental education. Regardless to say the students of colleges and universities spend most of their time in watching television, listening to music, playing video games, surfing internet, spending valuable times through social networking or using computer. They have no time to travel around and to explore the natural world around them. This not only impacts the health of students but also detach them from their surroundings and nature. The role of the colleges and universities is to encourage and integrate towards environmental education through various ways and means right from the beginning from their college education.
Key Words: Environmental Science, Climate Change, environmental education, Role of colleges and universities.
Sunayana J. Kadle
Page No.: 3042 - 3049
Mudigonda Raju
Page No.: 3050 - 3057
Ms Deepti Rawat
Page No.: 3058 - 3063
Keywords: Communication, Teaching Learning Processes
Ratanlal Bhojak & Vandana Soni
Page No.: 3064 - 3068
Mrs. Parveen Rani
Page No.: 3069 - 3074
Bhushan Kumar
Page No.: 3075 - 3079
Mahavir Singh Chhonkar
Page No.: 3080 - 3087
Ramandeep Singh Sidhu & Deepak K. Chauhan
Page No.: 3088 - 3094
Arpit Khurana
Page No.: 3095 - 3103
The main focus of this paper is to explore the airline brand loyalty. The primary objective of this study is to explore the nature of consumer loyalty and its major determinants with respect to Air India Flying Reuters Card; analyze the data concerning relationships between consumers\' attitude, habit, satisfaction and loyalty among Air India customers. Further, it confirms various constructs extracted from the review of literature.
Dhyan Chandra Yadav
Page No.: 3104 - 3109
Deepak S. Garud
Page No.: 3104 - 3108
Ravindar Reddy
Page No.: 3109 - 3119
Satish Kumar Kalhotra
Page No.: 3120 - 3128
Subhash Amar Sawant
Page No.: 3129 - 3137
Shabir Ahmad Bhat & Amina Bano Quari
Page No.: 3138 - 3149
Prof. Namita S. Sahare
Page No.: 3144 - 3158
Shakera Parveen
Page No.: 3159 - 3166
Varinder Kumar
Page No.: 3167 - 3173
Tandra Bandyopadhyay
Page No.: 3174 - 3183
Mr. Rajendra Chandrakant Thigale
Page No.: 3184 - 3192
Kamble Mohan S.
Page No.: 3193 - 3200
Rajeshree Gahininath Jaybhaye
Page No.: 3201 - 3205
Dhekle N. M.
Page No.: 3206 - 3213
Vallabhaneni Sarada
Page No.: 3213 - 3221
T. Radha Krishna
Page No.: 3222 - 3228
Sangita Shirode
Page No.: 3229 - 3234
Shobha V. Kalebag
Page No.: 3235 - 3238
Laxmi
Page No.: 3239 - 3244
Ms. Rinkey Priya Bali
Page No.: 3245 - 3254
Manoj M Ghughuskar, Neelam Saharan, P. P. Shrivastava, A. K. Reddy and M. M. Shirdhankar
Page No.: 3255 - 3264
Surendra Singh
Page No.: 3265 - 3273
S. K. Pundir
Page No.: 3274 - 3278