SCHOLARLY RESEARCH JOURNAL FOR INTERDISCIPLINARY STUDIES

18,10,11,20,12,7,6,21,16,14,9,5,1,8,22,13,17,15,19

https://mr.vikaspedia.in/education/93693f91594d93792393e91a93e-90592793f91593e https://mr.vikaspedia.in/social-welfare/90592a902917- https://sjsa.maharashtra.gov.in/sites/default/files/rti-disability.pdf

The world is currently undergoing repeated episodes of lockdown due to Covid 19 virus pandemic since from the first case detected in Wuhan city of China in December 2019. India being a developing country with world’s 17 percent population is not an exception to the Covid 19 virus spread and is one of the most severely affected countries in the world. India has witnessed repeated episodes of lockdown in response to recurring waves of Covid 19 spread. For a developing country like India which has world’s 17 percent population residing, the challenge is not only to save lives of people but to keep economic activities continue in order to provide employment to daily wage earners so that they can feed their families. Central government is also in need of financial resources in order to provide healthcare services and keep continuing other social and welfare schemes. The belligerent attitude of neighboring countries also pose different challenges and the government has to make huge expenditure on defense to face these challenges. In order to keep these necessities going, the economy has to keep growing at a steady rate. But lockdown has posed some serious challenges to keep economic activities going. This paper describe the impact of lockdowns on Indian industries in relation to various economic variables such as GDP, GNP, inflation, fiscal deficit, IIP etc. Keywords: Covid19 Pandemic, Impact on industrial sector, Macroeconomic variables.

18,10,11,20,12,7,6,21,16,14,9,5,1,8,22,13,17,15,19

(WHO), reports on Coronavirus disease (COVID-2019) situation reports. Macroeconomic Analysis- Edward Shapiro Periodic labour force survey (PLFS) 2018-19 conducted by National Statistical Office, published by Ministry of statistics and programme implementation. Economic Survey of India 2020-21, Ministry of finance, Department of economic affairs, Government of India.

18,10,11,20,12,7,6,21,16,14,9,5,1,8,22,13,17,15,19

Best John W and Khan James V. (1992). Research in Education (Sixth edition), Prenticed Hall of India Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi.

The term non-Governmental organization (NGO) is very broad. Any organization, which functions in a distinct manner from government, may be termed as a non-governmental organization, ranging from a global charity to a local self –help group. It may be a research institute, a Co-coordinating agency or a lobby group. The number of voluntary agencies actively involved in environmental issues in India. Finance, leadership, activities, and coordination with others are the key input for any NGO to function effectively. The effect of the coordination of NGOs with the state government and other NGOs on environmental conservation work has been studied in the following research paper. The main aim of the study is to understand and analyze the coordination and relation of selected Organizations and their impact on environment conservation activities with special reference to Pune District. This paper is divided in to three parts. First part is related to coordination profile of selected NGOs who work in the area of environment in Pune district. Second part is related to study of case study of selected NGO AFARM and the third part is initially summaries the major findings of the study and ends with the conclusions. Keywords: Environment conservation, NGO, co-ordination, relationship, sustainable development.

18,10,11,20,12,7,6,21,16,14,9,5,1,8,22,13,17,15,19

Agrwal .Anil. The State of India’s Environment -2 Center science Environment, New Delhi 1985. . Commonwealth Foundation, the (n.d.). Non-Governmental Organisations: Guidelines for Policy and Practice. New Delhi: Voluntary Action Network India. Quoted in R. Soorymoorthy, K.D.Gangrade “NGOs in India” Rawat Publications Jaipur 2006 p 29.

18,10,11,20,12,7,6,21,16,14,9,5,1,8,22,13,17,15,19

18,10,11,20,12,7,6,21,16,14,9,5,1,8,22,13,17,15,19

Akhtar A. et al. (2011). The impact of motivation on student’s academic achievement in mathematics in problem based learning environment. International Journal of Academic Research, 3(1), 306-309.Bhatt, Anita and Aminabhavi Vijayalaxmi (2011). Home Environment and Psychosocia Competence of Adolescents, J. Psychology, 2.(1), 57-63.

18,10,11,20,12,7,6,21,16,14,9,5,1,8,22,13,17,15,19

Climate change affects humans and natural environments today and particularly in the future. Mathematical knowhow is necessary in producing knowledge about climate change, understanding it as a phenomenon and contributing to the climate debate. Therefore, learning mathematics plays an important role in building a climate-friendly world by raising teachers as critical thinkers and students as active citizens and young scientists. Practicing mathematics boosts abstract thinking, which is an essential tool for anyone interested in climate issues. In this study Researcher has tried to develop awareness among B.Ed. students as future teachers through solving mathematical word problems based on climate change and carbon footprint with a hope to spread this awareness in secondary school students in future. Keywords: climate change, carbon footprint, mathematics education

18,10,11,20,12,7,6,21,16,14,9,5,1,8,22,13,17,15,19

spacemath.gsfc.nasa.gov/Modules teachers-climate-guide.fi/mathematics tidesandcurrents.noaa.gov/strands/sltrends_global.shtml timeforchange.org/what-is-a-carbon-footprint-definition https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/guwahati/The-importance-

The global concern of education for all has been our focus since last few decades. Inclusive education is an educational system that provides opportunities for marginalized children & other children with special needs to pursue education at mainstream schools along with normal students. Our focus has been on bringing those children into mainstream education who somehow are left out of it. These particularly include Socio-Economically Disadvantaged Groups (SEDGs) such as schedule castes, schedule tribes, OBCs, minorities, girls, third-gender and disabled children. Present paper however focuses particularly upon education of children with disabilities. Keywords: Inclusive Education, National Education Policy, 2020, Issues, Challenges, Special Education, Children with Special Needs.

18,10,11,20,12,7,6,21,16,14,9,5,1,8,22,13,17,15,19

Hasan, M. M. & Islam, T. (2020). Achieving Functional Independence of Children with Cerebral Palsy at the Mainstream School: An Overview. Open Access Library Journal. Vol.7 No.8, August 14, 2020. Retrieved from Achieving Functional Independence of Children with Cerebral Palsy at the Mainstream School: An Overview (scirp.org) on June 30, 2022

18,10,11,20,12,7,6,21,16,14,9,5,1,8,22,13,17,15,19

Philips Hughes, Hollis and Carter, 42s: John Whit gift and English Reformation by Power Mills Dawley, p. 17 Scribbleprint.com/literary/exploration of the social critic in the patrician by John ….. Quotes. Your dictionary.com, https://www.english.org Small, Ian (1984). "Special Collections Report: The Galsworthy Collection and Its Fate". English Literature in Transition, 1880-1920. 27 (3): 236–238. ISSN 1559-2715 The Passive Mystique: we have been has Anthonywolk, p. 58 Education Law will circumvent unjust Hurdles inhered to the current structure. Britany L.Bane.2017 (Journal), p. 75-81

In India, elected actors are playing major roles in all fronts of ensuing development and growth-related activities at all levels. In this context, the researcher’s idea is that elected actors need to be knowledgeable at each level of government mechanism so that idea of sustainable growth and development can be ensured in true spirit and for that grassroots level government and governance system has a very important role in it. Regarding sustainable development and growth ideas environmental issues, biodiversity management is a major concern, and it is expected that elected actors at the grass root level institutions need to be knowledgeable enough to work on these issues. But the question arises whether the existing members of local government and governance have adequate knowledge to take care of these pertinent issues on environment and biodiversity. So, the major idea of the paper is to understand the knowledge status of elected members at the grass root level of governance, and members of BMC so that the study team can also understand the functioning status of BMC. BMC has been created in all local bodies in India with the direction of the National Green Tribunal (NGT) and based on the biological diversity Act 2002 and Bio-logical Diversity Rules 2004 of the Government of India. The observations made in this study are expected to trigger the interests of the researchers, academicians, and policymakers at various levels working towards biodiversity management and the role of local government and governance. Keywords: Biodiversity Management Committee, Elected actors, local governance, Local government

18,10,11,20,12,7,6,21,16,14,9,5,1,8,22,13,17,15,19

(n.d.). Apache Tomcat/7.0.72. https://lsi.gov.in:8081/jspui/bitstream/123456789/5342/1/45637_1991_SOU.pdf Budge-budge-II | Home. (n.d.). South 24 Parganas. https://s24pgs.gov.in/block/budge_budge_II/about_block/bdo_desk Fischer, J., Dyball, R., Fazey, I., Gross, C., Dovers, S., Ehrlich, P. R., Brulle, R. J., Christensen, C., & Borden, R. J. (2012). Human behavior and sustainability. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment, 10(3), 153-160. https://doi.org/10.1890/110079 (n.d.). IPCC — Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg2/downloads/report/IPCC_AR6_WGII_SummaryForPolicymakers.pdf (n.d.). IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. https://www.iucnredlist.org/

18,10,11,20,12,7,6,21,16,14,9,5,1,8,22,13,17,15,19

Saxena Gopal ; Social Media in India ; Changes & Challengers, Vikas Publishing House, New Delhi, 2006:4. Beyed J. (et.al) ; The History of Social Media in India, Punguir Book Publishers (Pvt. Ltd) New Delhi 2015:110. Beyed J. (et.al) ; Development of Social Media in India ; Ibid p.6. Saxena Gopal ; Social Media in India : Changes & Challengers, Vikas Publishing House, New Delhi 2006 p.12.

18,10,11,20,12,7,6,21,16,14,9,5,1,8,22,13,17,15,19

Banerjee, S. 2011. Arsenic accumulating and transforming bacteria isolated from contaminated soil for potential use in bioremediation. Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Vol.46(14), pp.1736-1747. Bajpai, S.P., Dubey S.K., 2019. Bioremediation of Industrial Effluent using Cyanobacterial Species: Phormidium mucicola and Anabaena aequalis. Annual Research & Review in Chemistry, vol.12. Tripathi A., 2002. Bioremediation of toxic chromium from electroplating effluent by chromate-reducing Pseudomonas aeruginosa in two bioreactors. Applied Chemistry and, Vol 17.

18,10,11,20,12,7,6,21,16,14,9,5,1,8,22,13,17,15,19

18,10,11,20,12,7,6,21,16,14,9,5,1,8,22,13,17,15,19

Agarwala, K. N., Taneja, V. and Prasad, C. (2008). Effect of low quality dietary proteins on brain protein and enzymes of glutamic acid metabolism in rats. Indian J. Med. Res., 71: 758-763. Aravind, P. and Prasad, M. N. V. (2010). Carbonic anhydrase impairment in cadmium-treated C. demersum L. (free floating freshwater macrophyte): toxicity reversal by zinc. Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrophotometry, 19: 52-57. Bisht, S. S., and Sharma, C. P. (2012). Zinc nutrient dependent changes in tomato (Lycopersicon esculantum) metabolism. Jounal of Plant Biol., 29: 159-163.

The researcher is trying to explain the relationship between income and expenditure/ consumption with the help of higher, middle- and lower-income countries. We can prove if country having high income, then the expenditure of that country is also higher. For this research the researcher took per capita income and per capita expenditure of 9 countries from various sources. The time period of data is from 2010 to 2015. Firstly we took data of same group of countries. And after that the researcher compares different three countries from each class (higher, middle, and lower) and explained the difference. The relation between income and expenditure is frequently called a utilization plan or consumption schedule. It is utilized to portray monetary patterns in the industry or organization. When there is more cash or expectation of income, more products are bought by purchasers. In this article the following function with the help of all the data has observed C = F(Y) and Y = C + S, as ? Y ? Consumption? Keywords- expenditure, consumption, per capita expenditure

18,10,11,20,12,7,6,21,16,14,9,5,1,8,22,13,17,15,19

Aguiar, M., & Hurst, E. (2005). Consumption versus expenditure. Journal of Political Economy, 113(5), 919-933 Atsushi, M. (2006). Changes in japanese household consumption and saving behavior before, during and after the bubble era: Empirical analysis using NSFIE micro-data sets. Japan and the World Economy, 2-21. Ahuja, 2019.Macroeconomics. S.Chand

Human being is a rational animal. He thinks about his life, meaning of life and purpose of life. Human asks himself what it means to exist as a human being. The philosophy about this question known as ‘existentialism’. It is concerned with a search for self and the meaning of life through responsibility. According to the existentialism, human beings as an isolated existent who is cast into an alien universe; to conceive the human world as possessing no inherent truth, value or meaning. In the context of present research PK’s story becomes the story of modern man who is always in search of something or identity and finds himself lonely and rootless. This is a satirical take on various sensitive issues like political beliefs, religion and superstitions which have been deeply rooted in the Indian minds. Keywords: Existentialism, identity, alienation, film, text, conscience.

18,10,11,20,12,7,6,21,16,14,9,5,1,8,22,13,17,15,19

Bernardet, Jean Cloude. “O que and Cinema.” Brasiliense Publication, Cerratinga (Brazil), 1985. Bhushan, Nyay. ‘PK’ Becomes Top-Grossing Film of All Time in India’. Hollywood Reporter, January 6, 2015. www.hollywood Reporter.com/pk-becomes. Top-grossing-film-of-all-time-in-India. Camus, Albert. The Myth of Sisyphus. Penguin Books, New Delhi, 2005. Cooper, D.E. Existentialism: A Reconstruction. Basil Blackwell Publication, New York, 1990. Hirani, Rajkumar (Director). PK. Vinod Chopra and Rajkumar Hirani Films, December, 2014. Reddi, Madhavi. “Aliens as the Other in Post-Independence in Hindi Cinema.” GNOVISJOURNAL. Vol. 18, Issue 2. Spring 2018. https://repositorylibrary.georgetown.edu.

The field of forensic science, which employs scientific methods to provide objective circumstantial evidence, is currently advancing at an ever-increasing rate. As a result, increasing amounts of scientific evidence are presented, which is often less and less understandable to non-scientists and grows increasingly sophisticated. Over the past 25 years, the area of forensic science has developed, leading to significant scientific advancements (DNA typing, physical evidence databases, related scientific instrumentation). The word "forensic science" is an umbrella term that includes various scientific fields and crosses practically all medical subject boundaries. This study examines how forensic services are used in crime investigation as perceived by police officers in India at various levels of designation. The data was gathered using a structured questionnaire and a purposeful sampling approach. The findings were statistically interpolated using the SPSS programme. This study discovered a lack of knowledge of various forensic services, specialised forensic divisions, and the use of forensic methodologies during crime investigation among police officers working at lower hierarchy levels (<50%). The findings of this study would make it easier to spot any gaps in the application of forensic services during the course of a criminal inquiry. Keywords: Criminal trials, Evidence, Forensic, Justice, Reliability, India.

18,10,11,20,12,7,6,21,16,14,9,5,1,8,22,13,17,15,19

Greenwood P, Chaiken J, Petersilia J, Prusoff L. The criminal investigation process, Volume III: observations and analysis. Santa Monica, CA: The Rand Corporation Forst B, Lucianovic J, Cox S. What happens after arrest? A court perspective of police operations in the District of Columbia. Washington, DC: Institute for Law and Social Research. Eisenstein J, Jacob H. Felony justice: an organizational analysis of criminal courts. Boston, MA: Little, Brown.

18,10,11,20,12,7,6,21,16,14,9,5,1,8,22,13,17,15,19

Microorganism bioremediation of seafood processing plant wastewater is a viable alternative to the traditional effluent treatment technique of recovery and removal. Five seafood processing plants in and around Veraval were sampled for waste water. This water was transported to lab in controlled condition and were analysed for eutrophic component present and BOD, COD value evaluation. Soil samples from the same places were collected for bacterial isolation. From them over 40 bacterial strains were collected from five different seafood processing industry soil samples near Veraval. Keywords: bioremediation,effluent treatment, eutrophic componenet degradation, bacterial isolates, IMViC test

18,10,11,20,12,7,6,21,16,14,9,5,1,8,22,13,17,15,19

P. Cozma, R. -M. Hlihor, M. Rosca, I. -M. Simion, M. Apostol and M. Gavrilescu, "Progress in Microbial Bioremediation of Industrial Effluents using Different Bioreactors Design: an Overview," 2021 International Conference on e-Health and Bioengineering (EHB), 2021, pp. 1-4, doi: 10.1109/EHB52898.2021.9657749. P. Pusporini and I. Vanany, "Challenges in implementing cleaner production: Barriers and strategies in the Indonesian seafood processing industry," 2017 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management (IEEM), 2017, pp. 1520-1524, doi: 10.1109/IEEM.2017.8290147.

18,10,11,20,12,7,6,21,16,14,9,5,1,8,22,13,17,15,19

“Children are not things to be molded, but are people to be unfolded.” ~ Jess Lair Early childhood education often focuses on guiding children to learn through play. The term often refers to preschool or infant/child care programs. Early childhood education is the formal teaching and care of young children by people other than their family or in settings outside of the home. Early Childhood Care and Education (ECCE) supports children’s survival, growth, development and learning - including health, nutrition and hygiene, and cognitive, social, physical and emotional development- from birth to entry into primary school in formal, informal and non- formal settings. Early childhood education often focuses on guiding children to learn through play. The term often refers to preschool or infant/child care programs. Early childhood education is the formal teaching and care of young children by people other than their family or in settings outside of the home. 'Early childhood' is usually defined as before the age of normal schooling. A child's needs at this period are different from those of older schoolchildren, because early childhood sees the greatest growth and development, when the brain develops most rapidly, almost at its fullest. It is a period when walking, talking, self-esteem, vision of the world and moral foundations are established. The present study was conducted in anganwadis centres of Nizamabad and Kamareddy districts of Telangana state. The result reveals that there were significant differences in the opinion of teachers and parents with respect to the developmental activities available at anganwadis in tribal areas. Keywords: Tribal Children, Early child hood care, Anganwadis.

18,10,11,20,12,7,6,21,16,14,9,5,1,8,22,13,17,15,19

Alexander, K.and. and D.Entwisle (2006). Baltimore beginning school study, 1982-2002.The Harvard-MIT Data Centers. Henry A. Murray Research Archive. Log# 01293. Andrabi, T., J. Das, and A. I. Khwaja (2009). Report cards: The impact of providing school and child test scores on educational markets. Un- published working paper.

18,10,11,20,12,7,6,21,16,14,9,5,1,8,22,13,17,15,19

Present study focuses on studying the functional ability/status of intellectually disabled (ID) students in inclusive and special schools. The objectives of the study were - (i) to study the functional status of ID students in special schools on (a) ‘learning and applying knowledge’, (b) ‘general task & demands’ and (c) ‘communication’ dimensions with reference to their gender (ii) to study the functional status of ID students in inclusive schools on (a) ‘learning and applying knowledge’, (b) ‘general task & demands’ and (c) ‘communication’ dimensions with reference to their gender and (iii) to study the functional status of ID students on (a) ‘learning and applying knowledge’, (b) ‘general task & demands’ and (c) ‘communication’ dimensions with reference to their school category. A total sample of 91 ID students from inclusive schools and 61 ID students from special schools of Bareilly district of Uttar Pradesh, India was selected using purposive sampling method. The findings of the study are – (i) ID students in special schools were not differing significantly on functional status of ‘learning and applying knowledge’ and ‘general task and demands’ dimensions with reference to their gender (ii) though, ID students in special schools were significant different on functional status of ‘communication’ dimension with reference to their gender (iii) No significant difference was found in functional status between ID students in inclusive schools on ‘learning and applying knowledge’, ‘general task and demands’ and ‘communication’ dimensions with reference to their gender (iv) Similarly, there was no significant difference was found between functional status of ID boys and ID girls on ‘learning and applying knowledge’, ‘general task and demands’ dimensions over their school category and (v) Though, the significant difference was found between functional status of ID boys and ID girls on ‘communication’ dimension over their school category. It can be concluded in the light of study that ID students should be provided adequate support services and system to minimize the barriers. Key words: Intellectual disability (ID), functional status, barriers, facilitators, inclusive education

18,10,11,20,12,7,6,21,16,14,9,5,1,8,22,13,17,15,19

Boucher, T.Q., McIntyre, C.L. & Iarocci, G. (2022). Facilitators and Barriers to Physical Activity Involvement as Described by Autistic Youth with Mild Intellectual Disability. Advances in Neurodevelopmental Disorders. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41252-022-00310-5 Lauri M.O. Räty, Elina K. Kontu & Raija A. Pirttimaa (2016). Teaching Children with Intellectual Disabilities: Analysis of Research-Based Recommendations. Journal of Education and Learning, 5(2), 318-336. https://doi.org/10.5539/jel.v5n2p318

Paper titled “Textual analysis of Dr. B.R. Ambedkar’s Annihilation of Caste”, analyses Dr. B.R. Ambedkar’s stand on social evils which prevailed in the society. He was a social reformer in a true sense as he had strongly criticized caste system and its exploitative practices justifying the social evil like untouchability. Paper includes analysis of Ambedkar’s views on Caste system, Brahmanism, Untouchabilty, Capitalism and Political rights which he had discussed at great length in his speeches and writings. One of the major writings was “Annihilation of Caste”, which was supposed to be delivered as a lecture at Forum for Break-up Caste of Lahore in 1936. However, with the stern stand taken by Ambedkar on Caste system and Brahmanism, he was not allowed to deliver his lecture at the conference. This compelled him to publish this lecture in the form of a book titled “Annihilation of Caste”, which got published in 1936. Dr. B.R. Ambedkar was firm on his stand against untouchability which plagued the society and how it was hampering the growth of people, society and nation. In his critique of Caste system and Capitalism, he seems to come closer to Karl Marx on few significant points. Caste distinctions and consequential graded inequality in the society had impacted economic structure as well. Untouchables were given menial jobs and were accorded an inferior status in the society. They lacked political voice as they tend to accept their inferior status in the society. Ambedkar stressed on the importance of education which can liberate depressed classes, that is, untouchables from the clutches of oppressive caste system and bring about a transformational change in their social standing. Moreover, he highlights the issue of unemployment among untouchables through his critique on capitalism and socialists who have failed to eliminate inequality from the society. He has also discussed extensively on the idea of democracy and importance of political rights along with socio-economic rights to establish a just social order. Keywords: Caste system, Brahmanism, Untouchability, Rights, Capitalism

18,10,11,20,12,7,6,21,16,14,9,5,1,8,22,13,17,15,19

Ambedkar, B.R. Annihilation of Caste: The Annotated Critical Edition. S.Anand. 2015.Print. ‘Dr. Ambedkar’s Speech at G.I.P. Railway Depressed Class Workmen’s Conference, Nashik’. Valiveda.2017

Education of a teacher truly drives the greatest change for community and makes progress in achieving societal transformation. The National Education Policy (NEP), 2020 recognises and identifies teachers and faculty as the heart of the learning process. Hence, the varied dimensions of teacher education mentioned in policy has to be properly analysed with social concern, responsibility and integrated view for policy implementation. Education Commission (1964-66) has mentioned that, “Of all the factors that influence the quality of education and its contribution to national development, the quality, competence, and character of our teachers are undoubtedly the most significant.” Fifty-four years later, their viewpoint still holds true, and the future of our nation still lies in the hands of our teachers. The present policy proposes significant and radical changes in the education system. Beside the fact that the present system holds dismal conditions of teacher education, recruitment, deployment, and service conditions responsible for the lack of teaching quality and motivation among Indian teachers. The policy emphasizes the importance of high-quality teacher education. Policy aims to initiate several systemic reforms to encourage bright and talented young minds to take up the teaching profession. The broad focus of this article is to present the critical analysis of teacher education component as proposed in NEP, 2020. Keywords: National Education Policy, 2020; NEP; Critical Analysis, Teacher Education

18,10,11,20,12,7,6,21,16,14,9,5,1,8,22,13,17,15,19

Biswas, Parthasarathi (May 2021, 29). India needs to scale up investments to improve Internet access in rural areas. The Indian Express. Retrieved from https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/pune/india-needs-investment-to-improve-internet-access-in-rural-areas-7335125/ Dhull, P. and Gagan (2017). Issues and Challenges

18,10,11,20,12,7,6,21,16,14,9,5,1,8,22,13,17,15,19

Present paper highlights the problems of SC/ST girls education and the implementations problems of govt schemes w.r.t. regulatory bodies functioning. It shades the light on various angles of SC/ST girls educational problems and the working mechanism of the regulatory bodies. The schemes which are made for SC/ST girls are under the governance of central govt and state govt which acts as the regulatory bodies to control the proper implementation of these schemes. It is concluded that the govt schemes implemented in schools are not reached to the benefits of the SC/ST girls. From the observations it can be focused that 74.28% school teachers and principals want an autonomous body to regulate the governance of the govt schemes. Respondents reflected that there should be an autonomous & independent body to control the proper implementation of govt schemes which would be more purpose specific, time bound and result oriented. Keywords: regulatory bodies, govt schemes, SC/ST girls, autonomous regulatory bodies, implementation of govt schemes.

18,10,11,20,12,7,6,21,16,14,9,5,1,8,22,13,17,15,19

http:// www.jstor.org>stable http://indianexpress.com>india>india http://www.researchgate.net>publication>26121409 http://www.ticijournals.org>Scheduled-tribe-children http://www.academia.edu>educational_Problems_among_Tribal_in_Nandurbar_District http://govtschemes.in/kasturba-gandhi-balikavidyalaya http://samagra.education.gov.in>kgbv http://teachersbadi.in/kgbvkasturba-gandhi-balika-vidyalaya

The effective organization of teaching learning-process will bring a permanent change in the behavior of the individual. In the school, there are different subjects imparted in to the students, the process of learning to the students. All these subjects make use of different kinds of learning strategies, which makes it easy to understand and apply that knowledge wherever necessary. Metacognitive skills development provides an opportunity to develop self-efficacy and autonomy. Most accounts of metacognition make a basic distinction between metacognitive knowledge (i.e., what one knows about cognition) and metacognitive control processes (i.e., how one uses that knowledge to regulate cognition). The tasks a learner can do to guide the learning and problem-solving process are referred to as cognitive regulation. Monitoring and control are two mechanisms that are frequently used to regulate cognition (Pintrich, et al., 2000; Son &Schwartz, 2002).A further operationalization of monitoring and control leads to the identification of metacognitive skills. Metacognitive experience takes the form of metacognitive feelings as they are non-analytic representation of knowing states with an affective and cognitive character. Overall, it appears that during the course of a cognitive task, metacognitive knowledge, metacognitive experiences and metacognitive skills are continually informing and motivating one another. In conclusion, metacognition refers to the information and abilities that are utilized to manage one's cognition.

The 74th Amendment as an important central legislation has been well recognised in India. It has played an important role in the development of civic governance in the country. It was brought in to strengthen the political set up and the functional domain of the local governments in the urban areas. It was passed with an objective to streamline the financial arrangements and ensure proper urban planning norms in the country. It has accorded constitutional status and recognition to the urban local bodies. It has also attempted to bring about administrative uniformity in the realm of urban governance in the country. However, it is important to ensure that the legislation is implemented in its letter and spirit. Keywords: Central legislation, fiscal arrangements, urban local bodies, municipal corporation, urban planning, functional domain, District planning committee, civic governance, municipal council, Nagar Panchayats

18,10,11,20,12,7,6,21,16,14,9,5,1,8,22,13,17,15,19

Abhijit Datta, (2016), Institutional Aspects of Urban Governance, published in The Challenge of Urban Governance, Concept Publishing, New Delhi Areeba Hamid, (2004), 74th Amendment: An Overview, Published by Centre for Civil Society, New Delhi Chandhoke, Neera, (2003), Governance & Pluralisation of State: Implications for Democratic Citizenship, Economic & Political Weekly, Vol XXXVIII, No. 28. 12-18 July, 2003. Evita Das, (2019), Looking Back at 25 Years: A Review of 74th Constitutional Amendment Act, A National Level Roundtable Report. Published by Indo-Global Social Service Society (IGSSS), New Delhi G. Narendra Kumar (2006), Decentralisation and Local Finance, Published by Asian Development Bank.

0

0

In an age marked by rapid technological advancement, the escalating threat of cyber fraud poses significant challenges across diverse sectors, necessitating robust cybersecurity measures. This research paper explores the effectiveness of a cybersecurity training program for student teachers, aiming to enhance their knowledge, awareness, attitude, and practices related to cybersecurity. Against the backdrop of staggering global cybercrime costs, the study acknowledges the dual perspective of this issue, both as a global and local concern.

            The literature review highlights the intricate relationship between technology, education, and cybersecurity, emphasizing the need for educators to navigate the complexities of the digital landscape. Recognizing the vulnerability of students in the virtual space, the study focuses on student teachers as agents of change, aiming to equip them with skills to fortify the digital defences of future generations.

The research methodology employs a quantitative approach, utilizing one-group pre-test-post-test design. The study includes fifty student teachers enrolled in a B.Ed. program, assessing the effectiveness of a thirty-hour cybersecurity literacy programme. Results indicate a significant improvement in student teachers' cybersecurity knowledge, awareness, attitude, and practices post-training, emphasizing the effectiveness of the intervention.

            Correlation analysis reveals strong relationships among different aspects of cybersecurity literacy, highlighting the interconnected nature of knowledge, awareness, attitude, and practices. The study advocates for the integration of cybersecurity education into formal teacher education programmes and emphasizes the importance of continuous professional development to address evolving cyber threats.

            The research contributes to building a secure digital learning environment and emphasizes the need for ongoing interventions to adapt to the ever-changing cybersecurity landscape.

Microfinance development has emerge has major strategy to combat that twin issues of poverty and unemployment that continue to pose a major threat to the economy of both the developed and developing countries with the combination of economic freedom and entrepreneurial support of companies, micro finance can give birth to broadly share economic growth through entrepreneurial capitalism across the developing world.  For this a number of agencies – Government as well as Non- Government Organizations have been involving in micro finance developmental initiatives.  With the help of micro finance, the emergence of women entrepreneurial and their contribution to the national economy is quite visible in India.  Because of micro finance is a useful tool that women can use to accomplish these goals.  Micro finance in addition to providing direct support for tens millions of women, delivers entrepreneurial education, there by seeding wide spread entrepreneurial culture around the world.  We also look at the role of micro finance that women’s economic contribution to the house hold and community place in empowering them.  It is about women gaining control over the means to make a living.  It is about women lifting themselves out of poverty and vulnerability. It is about women achieving economic and political – empowerment with in homes, villages, and countries.  The primary emphasis on women empowerment is focused on achieving financial sustainability by added scepticism around the value of adopting empowerment approaches through micro finance institutions.  It is clear that if they are to make a significance contribution to pro poor development and civil society strengthening, micro-finance programmes and services which need to develop explicit gender strategies to address the needs of women.  This paper reviews how micro finance created a new path for the women empowerment in different areas.  

Study is the application of mind in books or similar material for the purpose of learning what is not known. Habit refers to the habitude, practice and custom, a routine way of responding or acting. Habits refer to a sense of behaving that has become more or less fixed. Habits signify a way of acting or thinking frequently enough leading to unconscious behaviour.  Study habit implies a sort of more or less permanent modes or methods of studying. The turmoil in the mind affects the mental health of an individual. It is a way of developing effective responsibilities to live a balanced life. Mental Health is the person’s overall emotional and psychological condition.  In this age of rapid growth and development of industrial civilization, neglect of basic human values and cut throat competition for acquiring maximum wealth and material facilities, the thing which is mostly desired in almost all the societies of the world is the need of good mental health. Adolescents are most important assets of a country because they are tomorrow’s human potential required for the country’s development. It is therefore necessary that adolescents of today should be healthy i.e. both physically as well as mentally. They should be able to contribute their maximum to the national development. Without good mental health, adolescents and their future is nothing and aimless. Study habits are the sure outcome of full concentration. For achieving that concentration, good mental health is needed.

Key words – Study Habits, Mental Health, Adolescents, Progressivism, Turmoil.

0

Inclusive practice is an approach to teaching that recognizes the diversity of students, enabling all students to access course content, fully participate in learning activities and demonstrate their knowledge and strengths at assessment. The present research is to study the Innovative Teaching-Learning practices for Students in Inclusive Classroom with prime aims (i) To understand the concept of Inclusion Education. (ii) To understand the concept of Inclusive Classroom. (iii) To discuss the Innovative Teaching-Learning practices for Students in Inclusive Classroom.  The present theoretical paper is based on Inclusive Education.  The present paper focuses on developing individual strengths and gifts, with high and appropriate expectations for each child. Inclusive students work on individual goals while participating in the life of the classroom with other students their own age. Also involve their parents in their education and in the activities of their local schools. Develop friendships with a wide variety of other children, each with their own individual needs and abilities. Positively affect both their school and community to appreciate diversity and inclusion on a broader level.

0

The social, economic, health, and environmental challenges that the world is currently experiencing call for a paradigm shift centred on sustainable development. Education is one of the most influential and infallible means to achieve sustainable development goals (SDGs). However, the quality of education systems in the world is influenced by many factors, where the quality of teachers and their professional skills play a vital role in achieving Sustainable Development Goals. In highly educated and productive societies, teachers are expected to be aware of advances and innovations in teaching. and use them for student engagement and well-being in the classroom. In this context, the use of digital technologies is proving to be effective in finding creative solutions to current challenges and promoting sustainable development. As a result, MOOCs have grown rapidly and currently represent a global phenomenon adopted by education, research, practice and policy institutions. These are widely recognized as a new form of online learning, which has recently been proposed for the professional development of teachers at various levels. As a response to the above statement, this paper describes MOOCs as means for teacher professional development as well as for developing their digital competence. This paper also delineates teachers' attitudes towards MOOCs and highlights how MOOCs are an effective and sustainable tool for acquiring the digital knowledge and skills required for the coming generations.

0