An Internationl Peer Reviewed

SCHOLARLY RESEARCH JOURNAL FOR INTERDISCIPLINARY STUDIES

Aug-Sep,2020, vol-8/41

Impact Factor: 6.251

ISSN: 2348-3083

Date: 2020-10-01

SRJHEL, AUG-SEPT, 2020 , Vol - 8/41

OKONKWO AS A CONFOUND TRAGIC HERO AND A CONFOUND MASCULINE FIGURE IN THINGS FALL APART

Manshok Konyak

Page No.: 10279 - 10285

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 The story is brilliantly told of a vigorous young man reckoned as ¨the proud and imperious emissary of war¨, profound in his title. His personality was deeply revered and feared by the people around him, especially his wives and kids. How a brave unyielding pride of Umuofia once so reverential became a tragic hero, drowned by his own catharsis and inextricable peripeteia of life unleashed upon our hero Okonkwo. While travailing to keep his name venerated and revered, the protagonist is found perplexed as a father and as a hero of Umuofia; obliged to honour the peace offering and dare not defy the Oracle of the Hills and Caves. Ambiguously, Okonkwo is a confounding tragic hero who struggles with his own assumption of a successful masculine figure. His pursuit to become a diametric figure than his father Unoka made him less gentle of a kind for his loved ones. Which, in the end, is the ramification of his own downfall. He is left betrayed by his own drudge to remain a standing model of Umuofia. 
Keywords: Tragic flaw, confoundment, Oracle, disintegration. Colonialism. 
 
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Achebe, Chinua. Things Fall Apart, With an introduction by Biyi Bandele. Great Britain: Heinemann Educational Publishers 1996. Rhoads, Diana A, Culture in Chinua Achebe's Things Fall Apart. Irele, F Abiola. Crisis of Cultural Memory in Chinua Achebe Things Fall Apart. University of Florida, African Studies Quarterly, Volume 3, Issue 3, Fall 2003. Print Abrahams, M.H. A Glossary of Literary Terms, Seventh Edition. USA. P.322, P.244-245. 1999. Print Girard, Rene. Violence and the Sacred. Trans. Patrick Gregory. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1977.
IMPACT OF CYBERCRIME ON WOMEN VICTIMS IN PUNE CITY

Raju Gaikwad & S. I. Kumbhar

Page No.: 10286 - 10295

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 Cybercrime against women is on at alarming stage in India. It may pose as a major threat to the security of women. Cybercrime against women includes sexual crimes and sexual abuses on the Internet. The present study focused on the age group and occupation of women who had mostly victimised in the cybercrimes, and also focused on the nature of cybercrimes mostly committed against them, and their reactions on it. To explore the major effects of cybercrime on the victim’s family and social life is the main objective of this study.  
Key Words – Cybercrimes, women victims, impacts on social & family life. 
 
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Shobhana Jeet, (2012), “Cybercrimes against women in India”, Information Technology Act, 2000”. Elixir International Journal, No 47. Nidhi Agarwal, (2014, “Cybercrimes against women”, GJRIM, No 4. N. Arya, (2019), “Cybercrimes scenario in India and Judicial Response”, International Journal of Trend in scientific Research and Development Vol.3, No 4. Sarojani Chiluvuri, (2017), “Cyber savagery against women – present scenario”, Global Journal for Research Analysis, Vol.6, No. 9. Sunil Kumar, (2020), “Cybercrimes against women in Delhi: An analytical study”, UGC care Journal, Vol.31, No.10. Information Technology Act, 2000, India, http//www.mit.gov.in/itbill.asp. Virendra Kumar, (2018), Many measures in to check cybercrimes against women”, press information Bureau, Ministry of women and child development, Government of India.
TEACHER EDUCATION AT CROSSROADS: ROLE OF NCTE

Prof. Manoj Kumar Saxena & Sumit Chauhan

Page No.: 10296 - 10305

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 In the whole world, Indian school network is having one of the leading networks. School education is the first step towards the whole education system, which has transformed Independence. India under British rule was having a colonial education system. Later 1947 Indian govt. emphasized to open more schools to provide accessibility of education to every student at his doorsteps. Later, the main aim of education was shifted to improve the quality and excellence of school education. The quality of school education does not depend only on content but also depends upon how to deliver the content to our students. It is equally important for implementing good education system in our schools. This is possible on the bases of teachers’ abilities and their aptitude, infrastructural and teaching aid provided in the school. To fulfill these objectives at all level of education, Govt. of India has to be focusing its attention on quality and excellence in teacher education. To meet this objective, NCTE set up an independent body. The role of NCTE is to looks after the Teacher education in the country and also to create excellent environment for the teachers in the country. NCTE has taken various initiatives such as Standards-based syllabus, balanced in theory classes and training, enhancement in duration of B.Ed. and M.Ed. programmes etc. NCTE was formed to monitor the whole teacher education system in the country, so that effective and quality teachers could be produced. This paper focuses on the role of NCTE in the present scenario of Teacher Education System and the analysis of the recent steps taken by NCTE for the preparation of the teachers.
Keywords: Teacher Education, Role of NCTE, Education system
 
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Ahuja, Amit (2016). Need of Value Education for A Global Society, Amity International Journal of Teacher Education, Volume 2, No.1, April, retrieved from https://www.amity.edu/aien/aijte/article2016/NEED%20OF%20VALUE%20EDUCATION%20FOR%20A%20GLOBAL%20SOCIETY.pdf Aggarwal, J.C (2009). Development of Education System in India, Shipra Publications, Delhi. Grossman J.H. (1991) Improving the quality of college teaching, Performance and Instruction, 30(3), 24-27 http://ncte-india.org/ncte_new/?page_id=782 http://ncte-india.org/ncte_new/?page_id=782 International Association for Impact Assessment, (1999): Principles of Environmental Impact Assessment Best Practice, UK. P.20 Mohanty, Jagannath (2003). Teacher Education, Deep and Deep Publications Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi. Saxena, Manoj K & Gihar, S (2009). Quality in Teacher Education: Some Points to Ponder, NECST, Journal of Teacher Training, Vol. 1 No. 1, April – September, pp. 18 – 22. Singh, Janak & Kapri, U.C. (2018). A Study of Attitude of Teacher Educators towards Integrated Courses Recognized By NCTE Regulations 2014, EPRA International Journal of Economic and Business Review, Volume - 6, Issue- 8, August, pp 20-26, retrieved from https://eprawisdom.com/jpanel/upload/articles/213pm3.Janak%20Singh%20&%20Dr.%20Umesh%20Chandra%20Kapri.pdf
FLIPPED LEARNING APPROACH IN DISTANCE LEARNING – AN EVALUATIVE STUDY

Nalini Patil & Uttara Deolankar

Page No.: 10306 - 10314

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 Over the last few months with the Covid – 19 situation, teaching learning has been enduring radical changes. There has been a swing towards learning through the distance mode of education. Distance mode of education is more student centred with teacher’s role more as catalyst of learning rather than a despotic master. The purpose of this study was to examine the efficacy of flipped learning approach for distance education students. To examine the benefits, of the flipped classroom model while using technology as a supporting tool. A distance education course which was taught through the lecture method was flipped so that direct instruction occurred prior to virtual class time. Virtual classroom instruction being the independent variable with two levels, traditional and flipped, whereas, students’ academic achievements, assignment activities submitted for internal assessment by pupil teachers were the dependent variables. The cognitive level of questions asked by students and teachers during class serves as a dependent variable that will explore the level of student cognition. 
A sample of 62 students was randomly asked to opt for flipped or traditional class instructions. Pre-test Post-test quasi experimental design was used and MS Excel was used to analyse the data. The results of study indicated that the use of the flipped Learning was successful. Students appreciated the flexibility of the learning at their own pace and the value of interactive face-to-face class discussions. Not only did they prefer flipped learning but their academic achievements were significantly better than those being taught by lecture method.
Keywords: Flipped Learning, Higher Education, Academic Achievements, Distance Education
 
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Alvare C, B. (2011). Flipping the Classroom: Homework in class, Lessons at home learning first Alliance. retrieved January 15 2015, from http://www.learningfirst.org/flippingclassroom Bergmann, N., & Sam, A. (2012) Flip your classroom Reach every student in every class every day. Eugene, OR ISTE. Bishop, N., & Eerleger, H. (2013). The Flipped Classroom: A survey of the research Crouch, & Mazur, (2001). Flipping the Classroom. Retrieved October 28 2015 from http://www.cte.cornell.edu/teaching/ideas-designing-your-course-flipping-the-classroom.html Davies, R., Dean, D., & Ball, 6. (2013). Flipping the classroom and instructional technology integration in a college-level information systems spreadsheet course. Education Tech Research Dev, 1-18; doi 10.1007
HARNESSING IOT STRATEGY FOR SUPPLY MANAGEMENT FOR THE MIDDLE AND SMALL-SIZED BUSINESSES

Raveena Deolankar

Page No.: 10315 - 10328

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Ghiassi, M., & Spera, C. (2003). Defining the internet-based supply chain system for mass customized markets doi://doi-org.ezproxy.auckland.ac.nz/10.1016/S0360-8352(03)00017-2 Huang, G. Q., Qu, T., Fang, M. J., & Bramley, A. N. (2011). RFID-enabled gateway product service system for collaborative manufacturing alliances. CIRP Annals-Manufacturing Technology, 60(1), 465-468. doi:10.1016/j.cirp.2011.03.040 Jakši?, M., & Fransoo, J. C. (2015). Optimal inventory management with supply back order. International Journal of Production Economics, 159, 254-264. doi:10.1016/j.ijpe.2014.09.015 Li, Y., Hou, M., Liu, H., & Liu, Y. (2012). Towards a theoretical framework of a strategic decision, supporting capability, and information sharing under the context of the internet of things. Information Technology and Management, 13(4), 205-216. doi:10.1007/s10799-012-0121-1 Ng, I., Scharf, K., Pogrebna, G., & Maull, R. (2015). Contextual variety, internet-of-things and the choice of tailoring over platform: Mass customization strategy in supply chain management. International Journal of Production Economics, 159, 76-87. doi:10.1016/j.ijpe.2014.09.007 Qiu, X., Luo, H., Xu, G., Zhong, R., & Huang, G. Q. (2015a). Physical assets and service sharing for IoT-enabled supply hub in an industrial park (SHIP). International Journal of Production Economics, 159, 4-15. doi:10.1016/j.ijpe.2014.09.001
EDUCATIONAL MANAGEMENT, EDUCATIONAL ADMINISTRATION AND EDUCATIONAL LEADERSHIP

Manju Tomar

Page No.: 10329 - 10333

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 For an educational system, or any system for that matter, the terms which lift the weight are management and leadership. By the dawn of the past century, much attention has been given to these two terms for their magnitude of importance and implication. When it comes to the educational facility and the question of allocating the available resources to achieve the maximum goals, it becomes crystal clear that a figure with influence is needed in the educational playground, so to speak. This review shed some light on these points and illustrates their use.
Keywords: Management, Administration, Leadership 
 
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Sapre P. Realizing the Potential of Education Management in India. Educational Management & Administration. 2002 Jan;30(1):101-8. Bush T. Theories of educational leadership and management. Sage; 2003 Oct Kimani GN. Educational Management. Nairobi: African Virtual University. 2011. Sergiovanni TJ, Burlingame M, Coombs FD, Thurston PW. Educational governance and administration. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.1980. Bush T, Glover D. School leadership: Concepts and evidence.2003. Johnston C, Caldwell B. Leadership and organisational learning in the quest for organisational learning in the quest for Leadership: A;1992. Davies B, editor. The essentials of school leadership. Paul Chapman Educational Publishing;world class schools. International Journal of Educational Management. 2001 Apr 1;15(2):94-103. Duignan PA, Macpherson RJS. Educative Leadership: A;1992. Davies B, editor. The essentials of school leadership. Paul Chapman Educational Publishing; 2005 feb,9
PROBLEMS AND CHALLENGES AMONG SLUM’S WOMEN FOR THE SUSTAINABLE LIVELIHOOD IN LUCKNOW CITY

Sneh Lata Yadav

Page No.: 10334 - 10341

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 According to the Gender Inequality Index (GII) of United Nations Development Program me’s the condition is particularly dismal of India with ranking 127 out of 152 countries. Health, empowerment and economic status of women take into GII account. India is a developing country and a woman of India doesn’t take active participation in national activities, the social, economic or political progress.
The urban population of India is growing much faster pace than the rural growth rate over the past 100 years (census 2011). The process of urbanization leads so many huddles in development of nation and it is a cause of economic and social transformations of India. This has brought greater geographic mobility, lower fertility, longer life expectancy and population ageing. 
This paper deals with the problems and challenges among slum’s women for the sustainable livelihood and identifying the socio economic status of slum women in Lucknow city. This paper made an attempt to analyse the factors affecting the social, economic issues and problems and working conditions of slum women. Their social conditions such as age, caste, education, migratory status, etc. have also will be analyzed. 
This paper will also help to get a deeper understanding of various aspects affecting condition of slum women in the society; it will also provide a way for the empowerment of women. 
Keywords- women empowerment, slum, gender Inequality, Socio-economic condition.
 
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Sudan, Kripal Singh (2012), Social Work: Theory And Practice, N.S. Publications, Lucknow. Sudan, Kripal Singh (2008), Social Work Research: Concepts And Methods, Navjyoti Simrranjeet Publications, Lucknow. Beck, Michael S. Lewis, Data Analysis An Introduction, Sage Publications India Pvt. Limited, Isbn-0-8039-5772-6 New Delhi Ahuja, R. (2007), Social Research. New Delhi: Rawat Publication. Kothari, C.R., Garg, Gaurav, (2016),Research Methodology Methods And Techniques, New Age International (P) Limited, Publishers, New Delhi, ISBN: 978-81-224-3623-5. Rawat, Harikrishna, (2013), Methods In Social Research, Rawat Publications, New Delhi, ISBN: 978-81-316-0566-0. Slums In India: From Past To Present ByAbir Bandyopadhyayand and Vandana Agrawal. (2013). ISSN 2319-183x, (Print)2319-1821. Education Of Women In India An Indian Story By Anuradha Malshe. (2008) ISBN: 978-81-314-1637-2. Nutritional Status Of Women Living In Slums OfAllahabad City, Uttar Pradesh, India By Amirulhassan And Vandana Shukla (1 Jan-March 2013), ISSN2320-7876 Vol. 2 Women in Slums – A Human Rights Issue - Rights - Women. https://www.daily-sun.com › printversion › details › Challenges-Of-Women. https://blogs.dw.com › womentalkonline › 2016/06/21 › women-in-slums. www.mohua.gov.in https://en.m.wikipededia.org
A CASE STUDY ON MCDONALD’S MARKETING STRATEGIES

Miss. Shikha Prembahadur Singh

Page No.: 10342 - 10348

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www.ukessay.com, accessed on 3/07/2020 www.researchgate.net, accessed on 3/07/2020 www.martinroll.com, accessed on 4/07/2020 www.coursehero.com, accessed on 4/07/2020 www.marketingsociety.com, accessed on 4/07/2020 www.academia.edu, accessed on 5/07/2020 www.mbaknol.com, accessed on 5/07/2020
BHARAT ME VAIKLPIK SHIKSHA KI VARTMAN STHITHI : EK VIHANGAVLOKAN

Alok Krishna Dwivedi

Page No.: 10349 - 10354

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BHARAT ME VAIKLPIK SHIKSHA : ITIHAS EANV VIKAS

Alok Krishna Dwivedi

Page No.: 10355 - 10360

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A STUDY ON IMPACT OF COVID – 19 ON INDIAN PHARMACEUTICAL COMPANIES

Miss. Sushma Paliwal

Page No.: 10361 - 10369

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 Pharma Industry is part of the global industrial domain where by the nature of the industry keeps the same very prominent in the Industrial domain. Being recognised as the essential industry which caters the services to the mankind, Pharma Industry is an industry that very lucrative investment avenues. The Indian pharmaceutical industry is world’s third largest drug producer. India is the largest provider of generic drugs globally. The Indian pharmaceutical sector is an important component of the global healthcare infrastructure and is instrumental in saving millions of lives every year. However, the lockdown triggered by corona virus disease (COVID-19) has caused disruptions in all sectors. This research paper talks about the current scenario and various opportunities of Pharma companies during COVID-19. The author aims to understand the opportunities for Indian economy & Pharma companies to expand and gain maximum leverage during this pandemic situation. The author has tried to explore in the statistics pertaining to the pharmaceuticals business. The Pharma Industry at large is discussed in the paper and a bird’s eye view is presented for the readers, which eventually shall be indicative in nature rather exhaustive. The Pandemic has its obvious challenges and the Industries are constantly looking for the way out, so is the Pharma Industry.
Key Words: COVID 19, Pharmaceutical Companies, Indian Pharmaceuticals
 
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Rothan HA, Byrareddy SN. The epidemiology and pathogenesis of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak. Journal of Autoimmunity. 2020 Feb 26:102433. https://www.expresspharma.in/covid19-updates/covid-19-a-wake-up-call-for-pharma-stakeholders/ https://www.europeanpharmaceuticalreview.com/article/117413/the-covid-19-pandemic-and-the-indian-pharmaceutical-industry/ https://www.expresspharma.in/amp/guest-blogs/reducing-indias-import-dependence-on-apis-a-possible-way-out/ https://www.pharmamanufacturing.com/articles/2019/making-the-case-for-indian-generic-manufacturing/ https://business.medicaldialogues.in/editors-pick/indias-dependence-on-pharma-imports-from-china-minister-informs-parliament-63993 https://www.outsourcing-pharma.com/Article/2020/03/26/India-to-boost-domestic-API-industry https://business.medicaldialogues.in/pharma-news/cabinet-nod-to-rs-3000-crore-for-3-bulk-drug-parks-rs-6950-crore-production-linked-incentive-scheme-for-domestic-production-of-apis-64149 https://business.medicaldialogues.in/pharma-news/api-should-be-declared-strategic-sector-especially-in-light-of-coronavirus-cii-64081 https://www.ipa-india.org/static-files/pdf/press-release/pr22mar20.pdf https://www.expresspharma.in/latest-updates/fdi-in-pharma-and-related-implications-of-covid-19/ https://www.expresspharma.in/amp/covid19-updates/covid-19-restricts-indian-pharma-export-growth-to-7-6-per-cent-in-fy20/ https://www.expresspharma.in/amp/covid19-updates/indian-pharma-industry-can-produce-covid-19-vaccines-for-entire-world-bill-gates/
A PRAGMATIC STUDY ON UNDERSTANDING THE EMPLOYEE ENGAGEMENT STRATEGIES DURING AND POST COVID-19

Miss. Meera Nair

Page No.: 10370 - 10382

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 Introduction: The year 2020 has seen an unpredictable global crisis created due to COVID-19. In this period, many organizations have come up allowing their employees to work from home. Amidst all these, the usual work culture took a major hit and the notion of employee engagement was set on the back foot. But now the workplace scenes will be quite different from before and employers need to rethink their approach on many aspects and one of them is how to keep the employees engaged in the lockdown and post lockdown period.
Purpose: The purpose of the study is to understand the concept and best practices of employee engagement along with determining the current employee engagement strategies adopted by the organizations to motivate the employees with example of few companies. The paper also concentrates on the post COVID-19 strategies that the organizations might implement to tackle any further uncertainties. 
Research Methodology: Descriptive research study has been conducted with the help of secondary data and sources. The study has the scope of understanding the employee engagement strategies adopted by the organization to keep the employees inspired, engaged and motivated with expected redefined engagement strategies post the global pandemic.  
Findings: The study leads to determine and understand the employee engagement strategies implemented in the selected organizations during the Covid-19 period in which it was found that the organizations are taking initiatives to set down innovative steps to keep their workforce encouraged, stress free, and motivated. The study also helps in highlighting the key employee engagement strategies which can be executed post the lockdown by the organizations.
Key Words: COVID-19, Best practices, Employee engagement strategies
 
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Alexandra. (2020, april). Retrieved from harver: harver.com bharadwaj, d. (2020). Retrieved from CARS24: www-cars24-com.cdn.ampproject.org Blog: NASSCOM Official Blog. (2020, may 26). Retrieved from Business process incubator: https://www.businessprocessincubator.com/content/the-lockdown-effect-changing-face-of-employee-engagement-satisfaction/ bose, r. (2020, april 15). features. Retrieved from HRKatha: www.hrkatha.com Chakraborty, K. (27, april 2020). The 3R approach. Retrieved from peoplematters: From peoplemattersglobal.com Circlecare. (2020). Increase employee engagement and wellbeing. Retrieved from Circlecare: https://www.mycirclecare.com Claffey, D. (2020, june 25). Retrieved from energage: www.energage.com clark, C. t. (2020, may 28). Retrieved from Forbes: https://www.forbes.com/sites/charlestowersclark/2020/05/28/employee-feedback-platforms-how-to-keep-employees-engaged-and-happy-during-lockdown/#6f7b77b97636 Employee benefits. (2020, april 17). BENEFEX. Retrieved from employee benefits: https://employeebenefits.co.uk/employee-engagement-during-covid-19/ Goswami, A. (2020, april 13). features. Retrieved from HR Katha: https://www.hrkatha.com/employee-engagement/how-mcdonalds-is-keeping-its-crew-engaged-during-lockdown/ Heryati. (n.d.). Employee feedback. Retrieved from 6Q Blog: https://inside.6q.io/the-definition-of-employee-engagement/#:~:text=Employee%20engagement%20is%20a%20property,Wikipedia) Mathur, N. (2020, april 28). Life @ Work. Retrieved from peoplematters: From peoplemattersglobal.com possibleworks. (n.d.). Blog. Retrieved from possible works: possibleworks.com singh, p. (2020, april 6). Article. Retrieved from BW People: bwpeople.businessworld.in singh, p. (29, april 2020). Employee Engagememt. Retrieved from Peoplematters. stange, j. (2020, january 20). Employee engagement. Retrieved from The Qwork furture: https://www.quantumworkplace.com/future-of-work/what-is-employee-engagement-definition Stratefix. (2020, july 31). consulting. Retrieved from Stratefix: https://stratefix.com/ways-to-increase-employee-engagement-during-lockdown/ VANTAGE CIRCLE. (n.d.). Retrieved from vantage circle: ecircle-com.cdn.ampproject.org
KNOWLEDGE AND ATTITUDE TOWARDS COVID-19 PANDEMIC AMONG BUSINESS PERSONS OF BIRTAMODE, JHAPA, NEPAL

Bhakti Prasad Subedi

Page No.: 10383 - 10394

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 The objective of the study was to assess the knowledge and behavior towards COVID-19      among the small business persons in the study area. This study tried to acknowledge the proper knowledge gap between the macro and micro level population and researches. This study was based on the field survey conducted for a week among the respondents. Out of the purposively selected 80 respondents 80% were male and 20% were female. Among the total respondents, 85% respondents were in the 45-64 years age group. Higher the percentage of male had information, ideas, effects, preventive measures, importance of preventive measures, currently practicing habit of preventions towards COVID-19 than females. Some confusion and forgetfulness about transformation of COVID-19 between the people and use of preventive measures were prevailing in the respondents.  
Keywords: to assess, based on, use of, COVID-19
 
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Akalu, Y., Ayelign, B. and Molla, M. D. (2020). Knowledge, Attitude and Practice Towards COVID-19 among Chronic Disease Patients at Addis Zemen Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia. 24 June 2020 Volume 2020:13 Pages 1949- 1960 https://doi.org/10.2147/IDR.S258736 Al-Hanawi, M. K., Angawi, K., Alshareef, N., Qattan, A. M. N., Helmy, H. Z., Abudawood. Y., Alqurashi, M., Kattan, W. M., Kadasah, N. A., Chirwa, G. C. & Alsharqi, O. (2020). Knowledge, Attitude and Practice Toward COVID-19 Among the Public in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: A Cross- Sectional Study. Public Health, 27 May2020 https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2020.00217 Baloch, S., Baloch, M. A., Zheng, T. & Pei, X. (2020). The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. J Exp Med. 2020;250:271–278. doi:10.1620/tjem.250.271 Chan, J. F., Yuan S., Kok, K., et al. (2020). A familial cluster of pneumonia associated with The 2019 novel coronavirus indicating person-to-person transmission: a study of a family cluster. Lancet. 2020; 395 (10223):514–523. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30154-9
ICT BASED INTERVENTION FOR ADDRESSING SPELLING ERRORS: AN ACTION RESEARCH STUDY

Swarna Chandrika Mahapatra & Shakti Prasad Mishra

Page No.: 10395 - 10402

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 This study examined the effectiveness of ICT (Information and Communication Technologies) based intervention on spelling errors of class 5 students in an English medium school. The objectives of the study were to: (i) identify and categorize the common spelling errors made by the students; (ii) develop and implement ICT based activities for addressing those spelling errors; (iii) evaluate the efficacy of the ICT based intervention. Methodology on action research study was followed in this study. The investigator used class 5 (number of students 40) as the sample for this study. Descriptive statistics, pre-intervention test results, and post-intervention test results based on class 5 textbooks were used as data. This study highlighted the importance of action research and ICT based intervention in addressing the spelling error problem. The findings revealed that interventions contributed to minimizing spelling errors among the students. It is therefore recommended that teachers should undertake the theory-driven action research to solve problems and improve the quality of education in general and use appropriate ICT based interventions to address class 5 students’ spelling errors in particular.  
Keywords: ICT, spelling errors, Action Research
 
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Bosman, A. M. T., & de Groot, A. M. B. (1992). Differential effectiveness of reading and non-reading tasks in learning to spell. In F. Satow, & B. Gatherer (Eds.), Literacy without frontiers (pp. 279–289). Widnes, Cheshire, UK: United Kingdom Reading Association. Bosman& Van Orden, 1997), Perfetti, L. Rieben, & M. Fayol (Eds.), Leaming to spell: Research, theory, and practice across languages (pp. 173-194). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. Breuch, L.A.K. (2002). Thinking Critically about Technological Literacy: Developing a Framework to Guide Computer Pedagogy in Technical Communication. Technical Communication Quarterly, 11, 267-88. Brown, A. S. (1988). Encountering misspellings and spelling performance: Why wrong isn’t right. Journal of Educational Psychology, 80, 488–494. Bybee, R.W. (2003). Fulfilling a Promise: Standards for Technological Literacy. The Technology Teacher, 62, 23-6. Carter, R, and Nunan, D. (2001). Teaching English to Speakers of Other Langauges. Great Britain: Cambridge University Press. Dickhäuser, O., &Stiensmeier-Pelster, J. (2002). Gender differences in computer work: evidence for the model of achievement-related choices. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 27, 486–496.
MANAVADHIKAR AUR KASHMIR SAMASYA

Kamlesh Kumar Rai

Page No.: 10403 - 10414

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B. P. L. PARIVARON HETU UTTAR PRADESH SARKAR DWARA SANCHALIT YOJANAYE EANV GATISHILTA : EK ADHYAYAN

Sushil Kumar Munna

Page No.: 10415 - 10421

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READING ATTITUDE AND INTEREST OF SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS’ IN RELATION TO GENDER AND LOCALITY

Samira Kumar Sahoo

Page No.: 10422 - 10430

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 Reading is one of the most fundamental receptive skill a child needs to learn to succeed in life. Developing good reading habits is vital to child’s everyday life which depends upon reading attitude and interest of students. The basic purpose of the study is to compare reading attitude and interest in relation to gender and residential status. The study adopted descriptive survey research. Stratified random sampling technique was used for selecting 200 students from 20 secondary schools. Percentage was used for analysis and interpretation of data. It is found that there were not any differences in the attitude of boys and girls. While compared to reading interest there is exist some variation in relation to gender. Again it is found that there is exist some variation in some aspects of reading attitude and interest in relation to locality
Keywords: Reading Interest, Attitude, Gender, Locality
 
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Abeyrathna and Zainab (2004). The Status Of Reading Habit and Interests Among Secondary School Children In Sri Lanka. Malaysian Journal of Library & Information Science, Vol. 9, no.2, Dec 2004: 109-123 Aliu A. Hassan, Olaseni O. E and Mathew O.O (2012) Effect of ICT on the reading habit of students of Rufus Giwa Polytechnic, Mathematics & Statistics Department; Computer Science Department. Rufus Giwa Polytechnic, OWO Bradford, J. W.(2012), "A Case Study Examining the Reading and Study Habits of Gifted Readers in the Context of Deep Reading”. Dissertations, Theses and Capstone Projects. Paper 510. Clark, C (2009) why Fathers Matter to Their Children’s Literacy. National Literacy Trust.UK Florence, F. Foluke(2012) Effects of environmental factors on students’ reading Habits in Yagba east local government area of Kogi State. Universal Journal of Education and General Studies Vol. 1(6) pp. 153-157, June, 2012 Hopper, R. (2005). What are teenagers reading? Adolescent fiction reading habits and reading choices. Literacy, 39(3) 113-120.
EMPATHY VIS-À-VIS SOCIAL, EMOTIONAL AND INTELLECTUAL SELF-CONCEPT: AN INVESTIGATION AMONG UNIVERSITY STUDENTS

Siraj Ahmad Mir & Shiva Shukla

Page No.: 10431 - 10439

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Amirkhani, M., Habibi, F., Hakimi, A., Kalyani, M. N., & Salami, J. (2018). A cross-sectional study of relationship between self-esteem and self-concept of students of medical sciences. International journal of research in medical sciences, 6(3), 747. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20180589 Atan, T. (2017). Empathy levels of university students who do and not do sports. Universal journal of educational research, 5(3), 500-503. https://doi.org/10.13189/ujer.2017.050322 Bzdok D., Groß D., Eickhoff S.B. (2015) The Neurobiology of moral cognition: relation to theory of mind, empathy, and mind-wandering. In: Clausen J., Levy N. (eds) Handbook of Neuroethics. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-4707-4_161 Bennik, E. C., Jeronimus, B. F., & Aan Het Rot, M. (2019). The relation between empathy and depressive symptoms in a Dutch population sample. Journal of affective disorders, 242, 48-51. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2018.08.008 Brunner, M., Keller, U., Dierendonck, C., Reichert, M., Ugen, S., Fischbach, A., & Martin, R. (2010). The structure of academic self-concepts revisited: The nested Marsh/Shavelson model. Journal of educational psychology, 102(4), 964.
PROTEST THROUGH STREET PLAYS IN INDIA

Deepak Suryakant Garud

Page No.: 10440 - 10445

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 Performance and protest through street theatre in India being a theatre artist one should have a strong believe that theatre is a best form of social communication by all means. Every performance is always carry political, social, historical messages with contemporary values / contests. In my views I always take my performance as a challenge for communications and to express my protests against the exploitations, oppression, and imposed injustice in the society. Now a days the community of performers are experiencing the freedom of expression with annoying restrictions. The performers are not getting freedom to make their expressions against the policies in our country. The criticism of anything is being taken as adverse. The expression of the protest is being taken as antinational and antisocial by the followers of particular so-called ideologists. It is a need of an hour to contempt this attitude, the performers has to stand with strong protest through their performances like street theatre. The street theatre is not only creates a conscious against wrong beings i. e. Social evils, political differences, ideological differences but also arouses it to immediate reactions. The performing protest is having a history science colonial period in India. During the colonial period Indian theatre Performers used the theatre forms especially street theatre as a tool of protests. Following the such incidents. H. Dinbandhu Mitra execute the performance of „Nil Darpana‟ as a protest against the injustice imposed on farmers in Bengal who refused to sow indigo in their fields.
Keywords: protest, street theatre, colonial period, history, socio-political issues
 
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History if Indian theatre: M. L. Varadpande. 1981 abhinav publications The political role of theatre in India – Ferley Richmond. Role and contribution of song and drama division in social communication. Dr. J. V. Panpatil The impact of social issue theatre – an interview by Nora Peron with Joey Madia. Lending voice to social campaign through street plays – Ray Aparna - 2013. Theatre of independence: drama theory performance in India since 1947 Aparna bhargav dharwadkar.
“APPROACHES TOWARDS STUDYING MATHEMATICS AMONG HIGHER SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS” - AN ANALYSIS OF PSYCHOLOGICAL AND SOCIOLOGICAL VARIABLES

S. Komalavalli & S. Vijayalakshmi

Page No.: 10446 - 10454

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 In the present world, technology has invaded almost all aspects of human life. Technological advancements have brought drastic changes in the field of education too. Educationists have started to emphasis quality education. Child - Centered Education have played important role in various aspect of school education   In this studies examine an approach to studying, especially in Mathematics among higher secondary school students plays a very important role in building Problem Solving Ability, improve Attitude towards Mathematics and help to achieve in Academic Achievement. For this purpose, A sample of Eleventh standard students was selected out of which there have been 300 girls and 300 boys belonging to the schools in Chennai.
Key Words: Emphasis, Educationists, Child- Centered Education
 
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Kothari, C.R. Winter, (2000), Development Positive Attitude for life in the twenty-first century; the ‘though power’ programme used with teenage student uin Hong Kong school Psychology International Leader, & Forgasz H.J. (2002), Measuring Mathematical beliefs a their impact on the learning of Mathematics. Whitelaw, L. Miloselic and Daniels (2000), Gender, Behaviour and Achievement a Preliminary study of pupil perceptions and attitudes, Gender and Education. Michael Townsend, and Keri Wilton,(2003), Evaluating Change in Attitude towards Mathematics using the ‘then-now’ procedure in a Learning Programme; British Journal of Educational Psychology, Vol-73, part-4. Tera Stevans, Arturo Olivarex. Jr. William Y. Lan, and Mary, K., Talent (2004) – Role of Mathematics self-efficacy and motivation in Mathematics performance across ethnicity. The journal of. Educational research, Vol., 97 No-4.
BHARATIY ARTHVYAVSTHA PAR G. S. T. KA PRABHAV : EK VISHLESHAN

Kamlesh Kumar Rai

Page No.: 10455 - 10464

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PHYSICAL HEALTH AND PERCEIVED SOCIAL SUPPORT: A STUDY OF ELDERLY IN URBAN VARANASI, INDIA

Garima Kumari

Page No.: 10465 - 10470

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 Ageing is generally defined as a process of deterioration in the functional capacity of an individual that results from structural changes, with advancement of age (Balan and Devi, 2010).The process of ageing cannot be stopped, prevented or avoided, therefore it is inevitable. Improvement in medical science has provided us the opportunity to live longer than before.
Present study is based on a sample of 104 elderly aged 60 years and above from urban areas of Varanasi district under a sample survey entitled “Ageing and Health: A Study of Socio-psychological Correlates of Health in Old Age”. 
Result of present study shows that one of the most significant and primary source of social support at the stage of old age is spouse. Self rated health status is significantly associated with perceived social support. Perceived social support is significantly associated with the level of satisfaction by the love and care elderly get.
Loneliness increases in old age because of age related losses such as death of spouse, death of close friends and relatives, retirement or loss of job, physical health deterioration and moreover it is difficult to start new relationship and new social network at this age. If old people feel that there are people who support them, then their health will be better. Thus we should take proper care for our elderly.
 
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Balan, S. V.,& Devi, G. (2010). Health Status of the Elderly.Indian Journal of Gerontology. 24 (2), 194-209 Batra, S.(2004). Health Problems of Elderly-An Intervention Strategy.Indian Journal of Gerontology, 18 (2), 201-218 Kaur, H. &Saini, S. (2011). Assessment of the Extent of Social Isolation amongst the Aged for Various Dimensions of Social Isolation.Anthropologist 13(2), 137-146 Singh, K (2000). Ageing: a phenomenon. India international centre quarterly vol 27 no 2 pp 133-138 Sugisawa, H., Liang J & Liu X. (1994).Social Networks, Social Support and Mortality among Older People in Japan.Journal of Gerontology: Social Sciences, 49 (1), S3-S13 Tomaka, J., Thompson, S &Palacios, R. (2006).The Relation of Social Isolation, Loneliness and Social Support to Disease Outcomes among the Elderly. Journal of Ageing and Health, 18 (3), 359-384 Uchino, B.N., Uno, D & Holt-lunstad, J. (1999).Social Support, Physiological Processes and Health.Current Directions in Psychological Science 8, 145-148
DISABLED CHILDREN IN EDUCATION: INCLUSION AND INTEGRATION

Abha Dubey & Arun Kumar Dubey

Page No.: 10473 - 10480

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 The Present paper illuminates the various educational policies for children with disabilities and special needs. For bringing the children within the social stream a variety of policies, projects, and strategies have been formulated and implemented. The education of disabled children, their preventive and curative measures, and their rehabilitation need a genuine combined effort by family, society, educational institutions, and government. This paper contains A vivid description of the educational policies for making education available for all and the creation of an environment where every child learns according to their ability and inclination in a safe and protected environment at every level from elementary to higher education. 
Keyword: Disabiltiy, Children with Disabilities, Inclusive Education, National Policy of Education
 
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Addlakha, R. & Mandal, S. (2009). Disability Law in India: Paradigm Shift or Evolving Discourse? Economic and Political Weekly. 44. 62-68. DOI: 10.2307/25663681. Altman, B. (2001). Disability Definitions, Models, Classification Schemes, and Applications. In Albredht, G. L. et al. (Eds.), Handbook of Disability Studies (97-122), Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications. Alur, M. (2002). Special Needs Policy in India. In Semus Hegarty and Mithu, A. (eds.): Education and children with Special Needs: From Segregation to Inclusion (pp. 41-50). New Delhi: Sage. Barnes, C. (1999). Disability Studies: new or not so new directions. Disability and Society. 14(4), 577-580. Bhargava, A. (2009). India: School Education of Children with Special Needs in India with a Perspective on the Initiatives for Children with Autism. Retrieved on September 20, 2020 from https://impart.snehadhara.org/wp-content/uploads/Policies/National_Policy_for_Persons_with _Disabilities.pdf Census (2011). Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India. Retrieved on September 18, 2020 from https://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/C-series/c-20.html Chopra, T. (2013). Expanding the Horizons of Disability Law in India: A Study from a Human Rights Perspective. Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics. 41(4), 807-820.
TRANSLATING W. B. YEARS POEM `THE SECOND COMING-

Raut Sunil Raosaheb

Page No.: 10481 - 10486

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Bassnett Susan M.Guire,``Translation studies``,London,M Guire P-101 Bassnett Susan M.Guire op cit.P-23 Deshpande L.S.``Towards Defining Translatology,``2010, Ameya Publishing House,Nanded P-104 Green David,``The Winged Word: An Anthology of poems for Degree Course``1974, Macmillan Publishers, Delhi,P-12
A STUDY ON SKILL DEVELOPMENT INITIATIVE BY GOVERNMENT OF INDIA WITH REFERENCE TO DADRA & NAGAR HAVELI

Ms. Chanchal Jangid

Page No.: 10487 - 10494

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The skill development initiative by the government is taken for looking at the requirement of globalization and to survive and also compete in global market. Due to which there is a requirement and also the need of skilled employees in the industry but on the same side there is also a lack of good and advance education system in India which can provide them those skill development and also the organization are also not able to provide the advance skill development training to the employees. The objective of the study include – To study the concept of skill development initiative by government of India and, to study the awareness about the initiative in DNH region.
Key words: Skill development, globalization, Training.
 
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Kadrolkar, V. M. (2013). Skill Development Programs in India: An Evaluation Study. Scholars Press. Khan, M. A. (2019). SKill Development Program in India- A Literature Review. Research Review. Purohit, D. J. (2017). Skill Development, Employability and Entrepreneurship Through Make in India: A Study. OPEN ACCESS . Saini, V. (2015). SKILL DEVELOPMENT IN INDIA: NEED, CHALLENGES AND WAYS FORWARD . Abhinav Publication. Saini, V. (n.d.). SKILL DEVELOPMENT IN INDIA: NEED, CHALLENGES AND WAYS FORWARD . Abhinav Publication . Skill Development in India. (2015). FICCI. Varshney, S. K. (2015). Skill development initiatives and strategies . ASIAN JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT RESEARCH . https://www.msde.gov.in/pmkvy.html
MANAGERIAL SKILL PERFORMANCE OF SECONDARY HEADMASTERS IN AHMEDNAGAR DISTRICT

Vijay Dhamane & Ganesh Raut

Page No.: 10495 - 10503

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 The research aimed to find out the present status of the managerial skill performance of the secondary school headmasters in Ahmednagar district. The researcher developed a managerial skill performance scale for data collection. The data was collected by adopting survey method from 276 assistant teachers about their 136 headmasters from different tehsils of Ahmednagar district. The collected data was analyzed and interpreted by using statistical technique ‘mean’. It was concluded that all eight managerial skills ‘managing personal stress’, ‘problem solving’, ‘supportive communication’, ‘power and influence’, ‘motivation’, ‘managing conflict’, ‘teamwork’ and ‘leading for positive change’ show average level of performance among headmasters.
Key words: Managerial, skills, headmasters, performance
 
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Aggrwal, J.C (2013): Elementary School Organisation and Management. Delhi: Doaba Book House. Alex, K: Managerial Skills (2016). New Delhi: S. Chand Company Pvt. Ltd. Mainiero, Lisa A, Chery L. Tromley (2013). Developing Managerial Skills in Oraganizational Behaviour. Delhi: PHI. MCGrath, E.H, S.J (2018). Basic Managerial Skills for all. Delhi: PHI Learning Pvt. Mohanty, Jagannath (2012). Educational Management Supervision School Organisation. Hydrabad: Neelkamal Publication. Navale Vijay, Mahesh Narke (2015). Industrial Management Pune: Tech Easy Publications. Whetten, David A, Kim S. Cameron (2017). Developing management Skills. Noida: Pearson.
A KINETIC STUDY OF THE SOLVENT EFFECT OF AQUO-TERTIARY ALCOHOL MEDIA ON THE SOLVOLYSIS OF AN ISO-BUTYRATE ESTER

Namami Shankar Sudhanshu

Page No.: 10504 - 10511

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 Solvent effect of a tertiary alcohol on the kinetics of alkali catalysed solvolysis of mehyl iso-butyrate (substituted ester) was studied in water-t-butanol media of varying composition ranging from 20 to 80% of t-butanol in the reaction media at different temperatures varying from 20 to 40°C. The rate of the reaction was found to decrease with increasing proportion of the t-butanol al all the temperatures. It was observed that the values of activation energy (Iso-composition) go on increasing with gradual addition of the organic co-solvent. For variation in rate and activation energy of the reaction, it inferred that effect of change in dielectric constant values and selective solvation of reactants are responsible for depletion in rate while solvation and desolvation of the initial and the transition states respectively are the causes for enhancement in the values of iso-composition activation energy of the reaction.
From the decreasing number of water molecules from 1.678 to 0.355 involved information of the transition state with increaing temperature of the reaction, it is inferred that t-butanol changes its mechanistic path from unimolecular to bimolecular.
Key Words:-  Solvolysis, Substituted ester, uni and bimolecular Mechanism, Specific solvation, Iso-composition, Iso-dielectric, Iso-kinetic.
 
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Singh Lallan, Singh R.T. and Jha R. C. :J. Indian. Chem. Soc., 57, 1089-1091, 1980 Singh, R.K., Singh, Y. P., Upadhyay, M. K. and Singh R. T. : A.R.J Phys. Soc., 11, No(1-2),181-184,2008 Pandey, A. B., Rai, S. K.,Singh, R. K. and Singh, R.T.: NIRJ Sci., 1, No.1,67-73,2008 Kumari Vibha, Kumari Shobha and Singh R.T.:ARJ Phys. Soc., 10, No (1-2),197-200, 2007 Hughes E. D. and Ingold C. K.: J. Chem. Soc, 225, 244, 1935 Haider S. R., Tauheed S.and Singh R.T. : ARJ Phys. Soc., 10, Nos. (1-2), 205-208, 2007 Upadhya M.K. Tabassum N. Singh A. and Singh, R.T.:NIRJ Sci., 1, No.1, 129-132, 2008. Srivastava, S.P., Singh, H.,Singh, A. and Singh, R.T. : ARJ Phys. Soc., 12, Nos. (1-2), 195-200, 2009 Kumari, K. Upadhyay, M. K.and Singh R. T.: NIRJ Sci., 4, 65-72, 2010 Kumar, Narendra, Singh, K. S.,Singh, S. S. and Singh, R. T. : ARJ Phys. Soc, Nos. (1-2), 151-156, 2010 Robertson R. E. : Prog. Phy. Org. Chem. 4, 213, 1967 Packer K. J. and Tomillinson, D.J.: Trans Faraday, Soc., 67, 1302, 1971 Sinha, Sweta and Singh R. T.:ARJ Phys. Soc, 10, Nos. (1-2), 223-226,2007 Wynne-Jones W.F. K. and Eyring H.: J. Chem. Phys., 3, 492, 1953 Tabassum, N., Upadhyay, M. K., Singh, A. K. and Singh R. T. : NIRJ Sci., 1, 115-118, 2008 Glasstone S., Laidler K. J., and Eyring H. : “The Theory of Rate Process”McGraw Hill, : New York, 1941. Saville B. J. and Hudson R. F. : J. Chem. Soc., 4114,1955 Tommila E. and Merikaillo E.: Soumen Kemi, 26B, 79, 1953 Upadhyay, M. K., Kumar, A.,Singh, V. K. and Singh R.T. :ARJ Phys. Soc., Nos. (1-2), 133-138, 2008 Barclay, I. A and Butler, J. A.: Trans Faraday, Soc., 4, 1445,1938 . Leffler J. E. : J. Org. Chern. 2P 1201, 1955 Singh, R.I., Kumari, S., Mishra, S.K. and Singh R.T. : NIRJ Sci., 6, 1331.39, 2011. 23. R.T.Singh ................................................... : ARJ Phys Sci 18, No(1-2), 105-116, 2015
STUDIES OF THE KINETICS OF ALKALI CATALYSED HYDROLYSIS OF BUTYL ACETATE IN AQUO-DMF REACTION MEDIA

Rashik Bihari Dubey

Page No.: 10512 - 10516

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 The solvent effect on the rate a mechanism and the molar thermodynamics activation parameters of alkali catalysed hydrolysis of butyl acetate was studied in water-DMF media having varying concentration of DMF from 20 to 80% (v/v) at different temperatures ranging from 20 to 40°C. The rates of reaction was found to decrease with increasing proportion of the organic cosolvent in the reaction media. The number of water molecules associated with the activated complex were found increasing from 0.394 to 1.305. with increasing temperature from 20 to 40°C and from this was inferred that in water-DMF media, structure of water is being changed from its dense form tonu its bulky form. Out of the three molar thermodynanic activation parameters ∆H*, ∆S* and ∆G*, ∆G* values are found to increase with simultaneous depletion in ∆H* and ∆S* values. Hence, it is concluded that in this reaction, decrease in entropy dominates over depletion in enthalpy and the reaction is entropy controlled reaction.
Key Words:-  Catalysed, Dipolar Aprotic, Reaction media Mechanistic pathway, Solvation, Specific solvation, Initial state, Transition State, Thermodynamic Activation Parameters.
 
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Singh L, Singh R. T., Singh R. K. and Jha R.C. :J. Indian. Chem.. Soc., 1978, 55, 37 Tauheed Sarwat, Haider S. R. and Singh R.T. :ARJ Phys. Sci., 2007, 10, No.(1-2)201 204, 2007 Rai, S.K., Rai, R. M., Singh, P. and Singh, R. T.:NIRJ Sci., 1, No.(1), 93-97, 2008 Singh V.K,Singh, P.K., Singh, H. and Singh R.T.:ARJ Phys. Sci., 11, No.(1-2), 121 124, 2008 Singh Lallan, Gupta A. K. and Singh R. T.: React. Kinet. Catal. Lett., 1984, 24 Nos. 1 -2,161 - 165 Haider S.R., Tauheed Sarwat and Singh R. T.:ARJ Phys. Sci., 2007, 10, No.(1-2)205-208 7. Hughes E.D. and Ingold C.K. : J. Chem. Soc., 1935, 255, 244 Sinha, Sweta, Singh, A., Kr.Amarendra and Singh R.T.:ARJ Phys. Sci., 11, No.(1-2), 125-128, 2008
IMPACT OF ABROGATION OF ARTICLE 370 AND 35A OF INDIAN CONSTITUTION ON JAMMU AND KASHMIR AND INDIA

Devananda R. & GD Narayana

Page No.: 10517 - 10524

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 On 5th August 2019 article 370 and article 35A has been abrogated by an executive order of the honorable president of India G.S.R. 551(E) C.O. 272.
After the independence of India the state of Jammu and Kashmir have been granted the special status by providing Article 370 provisions  and  Article 35A provisions, it was all ready declared these provisions and these arrangements are temporary in nature. At that time there were 562 provinces in India
For the state of Jammu and Kashmir presidential order was issued under the article 370(1)(d) of the constitution, this provision allows honorable president make certain “exception and modifications” to the constitution for the benefit of “state subject” of Jammu and Kashmir. Article 35A was added to the constitution as a testimony of special consideration. The Indian Government accorded to the permanent residence of Jammu and Kashmir. 
Objectives of the study:
• To study the Impact of abrogation of Article 370 and 35A of Indian Constitution on Jammu and Kashmir and India.
Hypothesis of the study:
Before the abrogation of article 370 and article 35A there were a lot of unrest in the state of J&K.
Keywords: Article 370 and article 35A, Human rights, conflict, violence.
Bibliography:
Kashmir untold story, by Iqbal Chand Malhotra, Maroof Raza.
Understanding Kashmir and Kashmiris by Christopher Snedden.
Websites, journals, News papers and TV channels.
 
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Kashmir untold story, by Iqbal Chand Malhotra, Maroof Raza. Understanding Kashmir and Kashmiris by Christopher Snedden. Our Moon has blood clots. A memoir of lost home in Kashmir by Rahul Pandita. Writings of Mahatma Gandhi, Ambedkar and Dheena Dayalu Upadyaya. Websites, journals, News papers and TV channels.
IMPROVING TEACHER QUALITY TO FACE GLOBAL CHALLENGES

Mrs. J. Aruna

Page No.: 10525 - 10532

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 Research shows that teachers are the single most important factor in student learning in schools. Students who have access to highly qualified teachers achieve at a higher rate, regardless of other factors .Teachers to be highly qualified must be well prepared, especially in improving the quality of education facing global challenges. For this purpose, we need teacher education reform that aligns teacher preparation with the demands of an emerging information society and an increasingly interdependent world .One concern focused on the quality of students who plan to enter the teaching profession. Generally, teacher profession is not attractive both for the prospective students and for the qualified experienced teachers, because of the low of teachers’ welfare. As the result, the good potential students prefer to enter the other profession than enter the teaching profession, while the qualified experienced teacher, draw away from teaching profession and then enter the other profession that ensure better welfare whenever they have the opportunity for doing that. For the teaching profession to be attractive there is a need to improve teachers welfare by increasing their salary and providing good work condition that support them to carry out their task professionally. The second issue is program reform, which led to the development of standards of teacher preparation in various fields, and changes the curriculum itself.  Teacher’s quality, knowledge of technology, curriculum are the important challenges faced by teacher education in the context of globalization.
Key Words: Teacher Quality, Professionalism, Education, Globalization, Technology  
 
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Avalos, Beatrice, (2002), Teachers for Twenty-First Century, Teacher Educatioa: Reflections, Debates, Challenges and Innovations (http:/www.ibe.unesco.org/ International/Publications/Prospect/prospectsOpenFiles/pr123ofc.pdf) Cradler, John; Crader, Ruthmary; Freman, Molly; and McNobb, Mary, (2002), Research Implications for Preparing Teachers to Use Technology (http:/caret.iste.org/caretadm/ news.documents/ProfDef.pdf) Approach (Journal of Staff Development, Summer 2001 Vol.22 No. 3t January 25 2003(http:/www.duke.edu/web/cis/globalchallenges/pdf/heyl-abstract.pdf) New ICT Curricula for the 21st Century, Design Tomorrow’s Education, Curriculum Guidelines (http:/www.career-space.com/cdguide/serv3.htm) Schrun, Linne, (2002), Technology in the Classroom, (http:/www.enc.org/topics/ edtech/contex/document.shtm). Virginia Scale, (2002), Integrating Technology into Planning and Curriculum (http:/www.ael.org/rtec/ideas.htm) Pandey, VC (2001).Education and Globalization. Delhi: Kalpaz Publications. Gandhe, SK (2005). Globalizing Education – perception and processes.bihar,S.C (Ed.). Pune: Indian Institute of Education. Kaur, S. (Oct 2010). Edutracks. Hyderabad: Neelkamal Publications Pvt. Ltd.
JHARKHAND KE DHANBAD JILE ME MADHYAMIK VIDYALAY KE VIDHYARTHIYON KI GANIT KE PRATI ABHIVRUTTI KA ADHYAYAN

Vindeshwari Pawar & Haripad Kumar Mahato

Page No.: 10533 - 10541

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MADHYAMIK STAR KE SHIKSHKON KI SHAIKSHIK ABHUVRUTTI KA ADHYAYAN

Arman Ali

Page No.: 10542 - 10555

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SOCIAL REFORMATIONS IN THE WRITINGS OF EMERSON AND BHIMA BHOI

Khagendra Sethi

Page No.: 10556 - 10564

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Emerson and Bhima Bhoi both believed in bringing about a change and revolution to the existing darkness in the nineteenth century American and Oriya society. They were not the persons who would flee from the chaos but were redeemers who marched forward to fight and rebel against the wrongs. Both of them were a source of hope and unbounded aspirations for the oppressed and wanted to construct a society that was conducive to the existence of the common man. Bhima and Emerson wanted the common man to understand the richness of inner self and to introspect on their lives. They believed that self- questioning is important for a man to understand his daily struggles of life. People suffered in all the ages because they distanced themselves from their inner-self and the inner power that they had within themselves to fight against the atrocities. Emerson and Bhima Bhoi recognised the richness of their inner life through Transcendentalism and Mahima Dharma respectively and became catalysts to bring about reformation in the society from its grassroots. Keywords: Justice, Revolution, Brahma, Oppression, Women Rights
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Banerjee-Dube, Ishita, and Johannes Beltz, editors. Popular Religion and Ascetic Practices: New Studies on Mahima Dharma. Manohar, 2008. Banerjee-Dube, Ishita. Religion, Law and Power: Tales of Time in Eastern India,1860-2000. Anthem P, 2012. Baumer, Bettina, and Johannes Beltz, editors. Bhima Bhoi: Verses from the Void: Mystic Poetry of an Odiya Saint. Manohar Publishers, 2010. Bosco, Ronald A., and Joel Myerson, editors. Ralph Waldo Emerson: The Major Prose. Harvard UP, 2015. Carpenter, Frederic Ives. Emerson and Asia. Haskell House Publishers, 1968. Emerson, Ralph Waldo. The Journals of Ralph Waldo Emerson. Edited by Edward Waldo Emerson and Waldo Emerson Forbes, Houghton Mifflin, 1904-14. 10 vols. Emerson, Ralph Waldo. The Selected Lectures of Ralph Waldo Emerson. Edited by Ronald A. Bosco and Joel Myerson. U of Georgia P, 2005. Emerson, Edward Waldo. Emerson in Concord: A Memoir. Boston and New York: Houghton, Mifflin, 1890. Joshi, Mularam. Emerson: The Poet. Mittal Publications, 1987. Mansinha, Mayadhar. Oriya Sahityara Itihasa. Grantha Mandir, 1976. Myerson, Joel, editor. A Historical Guide to Ralph Waldo Emerson. Oxford UP, 2000. Neufeldt, Leonard. Ralph Waldo Emerson, New Appraisals: A Symposium. Transcendental Books, 1973. Praharaj, Bijaya Laxmi. Religious movements of Orissa During the 19th century.1986. Utkal U, PhD dissertation. Porte, Joel, and Saundra Morris, editors. The Cambridge Companion to Ralph Waldo Emerson. Cambridge UP, 1999. Sacks, Kenneth, editor. Emerson’s Political Writings. Cambridge UP, 2008. Vasu, Nagendra Nath. The Modern Buddhism and its Followers in Orissa, Hare Press, 1911. Versluis, Arthur. American Transcendentalism and Asian Religions. Oxford UP, 1993.
SPATIAL-DEVELOPMENT AT RURAL-URBAN FRINGE: PLANNING ON THE EDGE FOR SUSTAINABILITY

Swati Singh

Page No.: 10565 - 10573

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The rapid urbanization leads to expansion of cities and development of sub-urbs at their periphery, which is often referred to as ‘rural-urban fringe’. The cities keep relations with the fringe and rural countryside in order to meet the demands of its people as well as to provide goods and services to them. The input-output system of interaction between city and its urban-rural fringe has emerged to be more prominent than earlier and so is the need of Sustainable development. The rural-urban fringe and sustainable development has often been studied from urban, regional perspective focusing on planning and problem approach. The social-spatial sustainable development at this zone of transition has not been given much emphasis, thus requires attention of geographers. Fringe areas have enormous potential in enhancing urban sustainability at regional, national and global level. The urbanization will continue to rise in developing nations like India and associated challenges will continue to grow as well. The fringe areas face varied challenges with the expansion of territory of cities but it could be seen as a geographical space with immense potentialities for further development. This paper aims at examining the issues related to changing landscape and sustainable development, dynamism of fringe as a space and to analyse the needs and opportunities for sustainable development at rural-urban fringe. It requires concurrent and directed actions both at local and regional level to attain goal of sustainable development at rural-urban fringe, as it is ‘city of tomorrow’. Keywords: Rural-urban fringe, Sustainable development, Transitional Space, Suburbs, Peri-urban
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Antrop, M. (2004). Rural-urban Conflicts and opportunities. Ch. 6. P. 83-91. A.J. Scott. et. al. (2013). Disintegrated development at the rural–urban fringe: Re-connecting spatial planning theory and practice. Progress in Planning,Vol 83, p. 1-52. ISSN 0305-9006. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.progress.2012.09.001. Beesley, Kenneth B. (1993). Sustainable Development and the Rural?Urban Fringe: a Review of the Literature. Issues in Urban Sustainability 4, Institute of Urban Studies, University of Winnipeg. Beesley & Walker (1990a). Satisfaction with Life and Community: City Sub-urban Variations in Metropolitan Toronto. Paper presented at the association of American Geographers, Toronto. Beesley, Ken B. & Russwurm,(1981). Lorne H. & Atkinson College. Department of geography. & Canadian association of Geographers. The Rural-urban fringe: Canadian perspectives.Downsview, Ont. : Department of georaphy, Atkinson College, York University. Bunce,M.(1981). “Rural sentiment and the Ambiguity of the urban fringe,” pp. 109-120 in Beesley, Kenneth B. 1994. Sustainable Development and the Rural?Urban Fringe: a Review of the Literature.Institute of Urban Studies, University of Winnipeg. Goodarzi, Mohsen & Haghtalab, Nafise & Saeedi, Iman & Moore, Nathan. (2020). Structural and functional improvement of urban fringe areas: toward achieving sustainable built–natural environment interactions. Environment, Development and Sustainability. 22. 10.1007/s10668-019-00511-4.
BADALATE VAISHVIK PARIDRISHYA ME SHIKSHAK KI BHUMIKA

Shubhra Shrivastava

Page No.: 10574 - 10578

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UCCHA SHIKSHA PAR KIYE VYAY KA VISHLESHANATMAK ADHYAYAN UTTAR DESH KE VISHESH SANDARBH ME

Vinod Kumar Yadav & Prof. Arbind Kumar Jha

Page No.: 10579 - 10585

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http://budget.up.nic.in http://koshvani.up.nic.in rtionline.up.gov.in www.ncert.nic.in http://epathshala.nic.in
MAHARASHTRATIL JALSANKATAVAR SHASHVAT UPAY

Dilip U. Phoke

Page No.: 10586 - 10592

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JIWAN KAUSHLYA VIKSANASATHI ETHIHAS VISHYATIL VIVIDH UPKRUM

Aparna Rahul Ukale

Page No.: 10600 - 10608

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ONLINE SHIKSHANAMADHE TANTRDNYANACHA VAPAR - MAHTVPURN ABHYAS

Dr. Aruna Rajaram Bhambare

Recived Date: 2020-09-25 | Accepted Date: 2020-09-28 | Published Date: 2020-10-01

Page No.: 10609 - 10613

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