An Internationl Peer Reviewed

SCHOLARLY RESEARCH JOURNAL FOR INTERDISCIPLINARY STUDIES

Oct-Nov,2018, vol-6/30

Impact Factor: 5.068

ISSN: 2348-3083

Date: 2018-12-01

OCT-NOV 2018, SRJHEL

SAMBHRIYAJI KI KAHANIYON PAR DR. BABASAHEB AMBEDKAR KE JEEVAN - DARSHAN KA PRABHAV

Manoj Sama Padavi

Page No.: 8305 - 8311

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ECONOMY AND MILITARY POST SOVIET

H. K. Pandey & Col Shantonu Roy

Page No.: 8312 - 8318

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The Struggle to Save the Soviet Economy by Chris Miller The Soviet Economic System by Alexander Nove Soviet Economics by Michael Kaser Alienation and the Soviet Economy: Toward a General Theory of Marxian .. by Paul Craig Roberts Farm to Factory: A Reinterpretation of the Soviet Industrial Revolution by Robert C. Allen
CONTENT ANALYSIS OF 6th GRADE NCERT SCIENCE TEXTBOOK TO STUDY THE SCOPE OF DEVELOPING DESIRABLE VALUES IN STUDENTS

Rachna Sharma

Page No.: 8319 - 8330

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 A textbook is used for the formal study of a subject as it is written according to the syllabus and gives the outline of the course. It is an imperative reference and resource for students\' learning in any educational system therefore it is necessary to analyze this resource. The present paper presents content analysis of NCERT Science textbook of 6th grade to study the scope of developing desirable values in students. Findings reveal that the content of NCERT Science Text Book has many obvious and hidden values in almost all the topics which may be taught while teaching learning process. Science subject has a full scope of recognition of values, ideal acts of valuing, and moral and character education; the only need is, teacher is required to understand the hidden values in given content and find innovative methods to impart the same to students. 
Keywords: Science, Text Book, Moral Values
 
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Dass. R.C. (1998). Teacher preparation for Education in values, The Indian Journal for Teacher Education, vol. 1, No. 1, P.68 Government of India. (1986). National Policy on Education 1986. MHRD. New Delhi. NCERT. National Curriculum Framework 2005. NCERT, New Delhi. NCERT. National Curriculum Framework 2014. NCERT, New Delhi. Rokeach, M.R. (1973). The Nature of Human Values. The Free Press. New York.
THE FUTURE OF INDO PAK RELATIONS AND TERRORISM AND ITS EFFECTS ON THE ASIAN REGION

H. K. Pandey & Col Shantonu Roy

Page No.: 8331 - 8337

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South Asia in Transition: Conflict and Tensions by Mangla Prasad Democratic Process, Foreign Policy and Human Rights in South by Joseph Benjamin Terrorism and Violence in Southeast Asia: Transnational Challenges to States and Regional Stability by Paul J. Smith A Handbook of Terrorism and Insurgency in Southeast Asia by Andrew T.H. Tan Handbook of terrorism in the Asia-Pacific by David Irvine
TOP FIVE THREATS TO NATIONAL SECURITY IN THE ASIAN REGION

H. K. Pandey & Col Shantonu Roy

Page No.: 8338 - 8346

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Democratic Process, Foreign Policy and Human Rights in South Asia by Joseph Benjamin Terrorism in Southeast Asia by Bruce Vaughn , Emma Chanlett-Avery , Thomas Lum , Mark Manyin , Larry Niksch Inter-State Conflicts and Contentious Issues in South Asia Challenges and Prospects for SAARC by Emanual Nahar Handbook of Terrorism in the Asia-Pacific by Dr Rohan Gunaratna Human Insecurities in Southeast Asia (Asia in Transition) by Paul J Carnegie, Victor T King , Zawawi Ibrahim Angels, Mobsters and Narco–Terrorists: The Rising Menace of Global Criminal Empires by Antonio Nicaso
A CORRELATIVE STUDY OF FAMILY ENVIRONMENT AND RESILIENCE OF ADOLESCENTS

Alice Nessy. K

Page No.: 8347 - 8351

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The needs of Adolescent’s are very distinct and specific. Family members should take utmost care in handling the problems faced by adolescents. This sequentially eases the adolescents to grow as resilient individuals.  Adolescence has always been an area of interest for the researchers due to complexities in it. The focus of the study was to find out the correlation between the family environment and resilience of adolescents. The sample of 403 adolescents (223 boys and 185 girls) studying in various schools located in Hyderabad and Ranga Reddy Districts of Telangana State was taken for the study. The instruments used were Family Environment Scale and Connor Davidson resilience scale (CD-RISC). For the data analysis various statistical techniques like Pearson’s product moment correlation and Multiple Regression were used. The results indicated a clear correlation between family environment and resilience of adolescents.
Keywords: Family Environment, Resilience, Adolescents.
 
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Patil A.P., Adsul R. K. (2017). Examine the Role of Family Environment to the Development of Psychological Resilience among Urban and Rural Adolescents. International Journal of Indian Psychology, Vol. 5, (1). S. Prince-Embury and D.H. Saklofske (eds.), 2014. Resilience Interventions for Youth in Diverse Populations, The Springer Series on Human Exceptionality, Springer Science, New York. Sbicigo J.B. and Dell’Aglio D.D.,2012,Family Environment and Psychological Adaptation in Adolescents,Brasil
SOCIO-ECONOMIC FACTORS RESPONSIBLE FOR INCREASING JUVENILE DELINQUENCY AND VARIOUS REHABILITATIVE MEASURES OF GOVERNMENT

Mrs. Vaishali. C. Achakanalli & S. I. Kumbhar

Page No.: 8352 - 8361

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Children show good performance when their surrounding environment is good positi9ve and supportive towards them. Physical, psychological moral and spiritual development makes children competent conscious and makes them able to understand their capabilities. On the other hand broken families, detrimental environment, lack of basic requirements lack of parental guidance and care etc. are some of the socio0-economic factors that caused for increasing juvenile delinquency in the society. Through the present study focus has been throw on the some major socio-economic and psychological factors that caused for juvenile delinquency and various measures taken by government for the rehabilitation of child criminals.
Keywords – juvenile Delinquency, socio-economic causes, measures of rehabilitation.
 
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Dr. Vats an (1982) Social Problem and welfare, Kedarnath and Ramah& Co. Publishers, Meerut. R.A. Sharma (1976), Social Problems, Rajhans, PrakashanMandir, Meerut M.N. Srinivas (1972) social changes in modern India, Orient Longmans, New Delhi. Asha Rani, (2017), “Juvenile crimes in India and the law” International Journal of Advanced Research Ideas and Innovations in Technology. Vol.1, No.3B. R. Sharma, (2009),”Juvenile Delinquency in India : A cause for concern” Journal of Indian Acad Forensic Medicin, Vol. 31, No.1 R. K. Tiwari, (2010),”Child Criminals in India” Journal of Social research, Vol.13, No.3 D. Agarwal, (2018), ),”Juvenile Delinquency in India: latest trends and entailing amendments in Juvenile justice Act” International Journal of Social Sciences, Vol. 3, No.3 Ryan Spohn, (2007),”Review of juvenile Delinquency : Causes and control” Sage Publications. Kavita, (2012),”JuvenileDelinquent:The cause and its remedies” Golden Research Thoughts, Vol.2, No.3
A STUDY ON PARENT’S AWARENESS TOWARDS JUVENILE DELINQUENCY

Ritamoni Das

Page No.: 8362 - 8371

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 Juvenile means anyone who has not yet reached the age of adults in terms of childishness or immaturity. In the legal sense a juvenile can be defined as a child who has not attained a certain age at which can be held liable for his criminal acts like an adult person under the law of the country. A criminal activity done by juvenile refers to juvenile delinquency. In today’s society juvenile delinquency become a serious problem. Behind this problem there are so many causes like poor economic condition, family size, health condition, broken home etc. So there is a great need to study about this social problem. In the present study the researcher tries to study the parent’s awareness towards juvenile delinquency. The objectives of the study are- a) To study the parent’s awareness towards juvenile delinquency. b) To suggest remedial measures for preventing juvenile delinquency.
Keywords: juvenile, delinquency, criminal activity
 
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The root causes of crime.web link http://www.preventingcrime.net/library/causes of crime.pdf. Kavita,“juvenile delinquency-the causes and it remedies”, golden research thought, vol-2, issue-3.sept-2012 Hurlock B.Elezabeth (2005) “Developmental psychology.” published by Tata Mc Graw Hill publishing company limited, west patel nagar. Chauhan, S.S. (1995). “Advanced Educational Psychology.” Vikas Publishing House. Kuppuswami,B.(1964). “Advanced Educational Psychology.” Delhi University Publication
TEACHING EFFECTIVENESS OFSENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL TEACHERS IN RELATION TO TEACHING EXPERIENCE, GENDER AND EDUCATIONAL QUALIFICATION

Sapna Sen

Page No.: 8371 - 8377

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 The present research study was undertaken to investigate teaching effectiveness of senior secondary school teachers and how it is influenced by gender, teaching experience and educational qualification. Descriptive survey method was employed for the present investigation. Multistage sampling technique was used to select the sample of 187 senior secondary school teachers from Kangra district of Himachal Pradesh. Teacher Effectiveness Scale by Parmod Kumar and D. N. Muthawas used to gather the data. The data were analyzed with the help of descriptive and inferential statistics. The findings of the study shown that teaching experience has no significant impact on teaching effectiveness of senior secondary school teachers. Male and female teachers do not differ significantly from each other with respect to their effectiveness in teaching. High qualification has nothing to do with the effectiveness in teaching in case of senior secondary school teachers. The educational implications have been discussed in the end of the research paper.
Keywords:  Teaching Effectiveness, Teaching Experience, Educational Qualification.
 
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Bala, R. (2007). A study of burnout in secondary school teachers in relation to teacher effectiveness.M.Ed. Dissertation,Chandigarh:Punjab University. Gurpreet (2005).Astudy of effectiveness in relation to teaching competency.M.Ed. Dissertation,Chandigarh: Punjab University
COMPUTER AWARENESS AMONG PROSPECTIVE SECONDARY SCHOOL TEACHERS WITH RESPECT TO GENDER AND ACADEMIC STREAM

Reena & Vishal Sood

Page No.: 8378 - 8385

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 The main aim of the present investigation was to study computer awareness among prospective secondary school teachers with respect to gender and academic stream. For conducting this study, a sample of 850 prospective secondary school teachers from 38 B.Ed. colleges was selected by adopting stratified random sampling technique. Data were collected from prospective secondary school teachers with the help of Computer Awareness Test developed by Sood and Reena (2017). Mean, S.D. and t- test was used for analyzing the data. The findings of the study revealed that female prospective secondary school teachers possessed significantly high computer awareness as compared to male prospective secondary school teachers. Similarly, prospective secondary school teachers of science stream possessed significantly more computer awareness as compared to prospective secondary school teachers of arts stream. In the end of the paper, implications of the study have been discussed. 
Keywords: Computer Awareness, Prospective Secondary School Teachers.  
 
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Alabi, AfusatTitilayo and Yisa, HabibatuMadami (2013). Computer literacy and teacher job effectiveness among secondary school teachers in Ilorin South Local Government area, Kwara State, Nigeria. A Journal of the Institute of Education, Ahmadu Bello University, 21(1), 56-63. Ananthula, Raghu and Maheswari, K. Uma (2015).Computer awareness among secondary school students – A study. International Journal of Advance Research and Innovative Ideas in Education, 1(3),264-267.
CONSTRUCTION AND STANDARDIZATION OF COMPUTER PROFICIENCY SCALE FOR ELEMENTARY SCHOOL TEACHERS

Suman Kumari & Vishal Sood

Page No.: 8386 - 8394

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 For measuring computer proficiency of elementary school teachers, the present task was undertaken to construct and standardize computer proficiency scale. For this, data were collected from elementary school teachers by adopting multistage and stratifed random sampling technique. An item pool was created initially by consulting various sources and theoretical and empirical literature available in the concerned area. This item pool was put to evaluation and criticism by technical as well as language experts. The preliminary draft of computer proficiency scale was further subjected to item analysis to select only highly discriminating and valid items. The reliability of scale was established with the help of test-retest and Cronbach’s Alpha method which were found to be appreciably high. The validity of computer proficiency scale was ascertained and norms were established for interpretation of obtained scores on the scale. In the last, conclusions have been presented and applicability of computer proficiency scale has been discussed. 
Keywords: Construction, Standardization, Computer Proficiency.
 
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Bhargava, M. (2006). Modern Psychological Testing and Measurement. Agra: H. P. Bhargava Book House. Bradlow, Eric T;Hoch, Stephen J. and Hutchinson, J. Wesley (2002). An assessment of basic computer proficiency among active Internet users: test construction, calibration, antecedents, and consequences. Journal of Educational and Behavioral Statistics.
ROLE OF NAAC FOR QUALITY ASSURANCE IN TEACHER EDUCATION

Ruchika Verma

Page No.: 8395 - 8404

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 Quality in higher education has become the prime agenda of countries worldwide. In the changing context marked by expansion of higher education and globalization of economic activities, education has become a national concern. The University Grants Commission (UGC), by virtue of the statutory powers conferred on it, is expected to develop effective mechanisms for quality control of institutions. Section 12 of the UGC Act of 1956 specifically requires UGC to be responsible for “the determination and maintenance of standards of teaching, examinations and research in universities”. Towards fulfilling this mandate, UGC has evolved various monitoring mechanisms for quality control. The term quality assurance usually gets associated with an external accreditation agency for identifying the level of quality of an institution, like the NAAC in India. National Assessment and Accreditation Council (NAAC), formed under the aegis of UGC has implemented new methodology of evaluation of educational institutions in India. The new dimensions of “Quality Measure” as proposed by the NAAC involve continuous process of assessment of HEIs. The outcome of the Assessment is the final Institutional grading conferred to the institutions. UGC and NAAC have played a vital role in streamlining the Quality HEIs. The process has changed the mind set of all stakeholders towards quality and its sustenance and has involved them to contribute for its achievement. They provide adequate guidelines for formulating quality assurance policies as well as for adopting systems and procedures within teacher education institutions for enhancing the quality of the processes involved in teacher development.
Key-words: - Quality Assurance, NAAC.
 
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• www.naac.govt.in • www.ugc.ac.in • Institutional Accreditation Manual for Self-appraisal of Teacher Education Institutions. • Agarwal, J.C.(1998). Teacher’s Role, Status, Service Conditions and Education in India. Doaba House, Delhi.
PRDNYAVANT VIDYARTHYANA MARGDARSHANACHI GARAJ

Bapusaheb Ganpat Chougule & Mali Rupali Babanrao

Page No.: 8405 - 8412

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Education in Psychology and guidance S. B. Kogekar.$ Guidance in Indian Education – S. K. Kochhar.$
PUNE SHARATIL MADYAMIK SHALETIL VIDYARTHYMADHE BHAUGOLIK DRUSHTIKON VIKSIT KERNYASATHI RABVILYA JANARYA UPKRAMACHA ABHYAS V UPAY

Bapusaheb Ganpat Chougule & Mali Rupali Babanrao

Page No.: 8413 - 8422

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IMPACT OF JOB DESIGN ON EMPLOYEE ENGAGEMENT: A THEORETICAL AND LITERATURE REVIEW

Ms. Pratibha M. Anpat & Dhananjay Bagul

Page No.: 8423 - 8428

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 In Today’s competitive environment, the challenge is not just retaining talented human resources, but truly engaging them, capturing their minds and hearts at each stage of their work lives.  A well designed Job can foster employee well being and engagement. While designing jobs, individual employee’s motivational needs should be taken into consideration, so as to help employees experience sound social interactions, scope for personal development which can further lead to Job satisfaction and engagement. However, for this, it is necessary to understand how the construct employee engagement is defined and to study the major job design factors that influence engagement at work. The study of concerned literature review aims to understand how the construct of Job design and Employee engagement can be applied at organizations for improved productivity, profitability and employee turnover. 
Keywords: Job Design, Employee Engagement.  
 
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Role of Job Design on Employee Engagement in private universities in Keniya: A case of Presbyterian University of East Africa. By Naomi W. Kariuki. (ISSN: 2312-9492) Vol. 2 (60), pp 365-385, July 17, 2015, www.strategicjournals.com, ©strategic Journals Job Design and Employee Engagement By Maria Tims, Arnold B. Bakker. Yr. 2013.
A STUDY OF EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE IN RELATION OT PERSONALITY OF PUPIL-TEACHERS

Malkeet Raj & Jaspal Singh

Page No.: 8430 - 8433

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 The present paper is about to explore the relationship between Emotional Intelligence (EI) and Personality among pupil teachers of jammu. For this purpose, data was collected from 300 randomly selected pupil teachers, both male and female from various colleges in Jammu. Multi-Dimensional personality Inventory by Manju Aggarwal.and Emotional intelligence scale by Anukool Hyde, Sanjyot Pethe, Upinder Dhar (2001) was used as tools for data collection. The results of the study showed that  there exists a strong positive correlation between the emotional intelligence  and personality of pupil teachers
Key Words: Education Colleges, Emotional Intelligence, Personality, Relationship
 
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Bar-On, R. (2005). The Bar-On model of emotional-social intelligence, In P. Fernandez-Berrocal and N. Extremera (Eds.), Special Issue on Emotional Intelligence (pp. 17-25). Rand McNally: Chicago. Brackett, M. A., & Mayer, J. D. (2003). Convergent, discriminant, and incremental validity of competing measures of emotional intelligence. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 29, 1147 1158. doi:10.1177/0146167203254596
RECENT TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING FARMERS INCOME

Reena Trivedi

Page No.: 8434 - 8436

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Dastagiri, M.N.V. Prasad Gajula and I.P. Ganeshagouda, 2014. ‘World and Indian Agriculture : Revolutions and Multi Speed Strategies for Future’. Science discovery 2(1). Economic survey 2017. Economic Division. Department of Economic Affairs. Ministry of Finance. New Delhi. Government of India. Mittal S. and M. Mehar, 2013. ‘Agricultural Information Networks, Information Needs and Risk Management Strategies : A survey of Farmers in Indo-Gangetic Plains in India’. Annual Report, 2015-16. Department of Agriculture, Cooperation and Farmers Welfare. Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare, New Delhi, India. Union Budget 2018-19, Government of India.
EFFECT OF COPPING STRATEGIES ON INFERTILITY STRESS AMONG INFERTILE MEN AND WOMEN

Saroj Arya & P. Shobha Rani

Page No.: 8437 - 8444

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 The main objective of the study was to investigate the effect of coping strategies on infertility stress among infertile men and women. This study was conducted on 80 infertile couple aged between 20 to 45 years attending the infertility clinics in Hanamkonda and Warangal. Coping strategies inventory and fertility problem inventory were used to measure the effect of coping skills on infertility stress levels. The results were analyzed using MANOVA. Results showed that all dimensions of coping strategies had significant impact on infertility stress dimensions except sexual concern stress.
Keywords: Infertility, Stress, Coping Strategies.
 
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WHO- ICMART Glossary- Human reproduction programme – Research for impact- Oct 2016. Obstet Gynecol India 2006; 56(1): 64-67. Gibson D M, Myers JE, The effect of social coping resources and growth- fostering relationships on infertility stress in women. Journal of Mental Health Counseling 2002;24, 68-80. BKiD ( Counseling network for infertility in Germany).(2004) Guidelines on ‘ psychosocial infertility counseling. Germany. Fidler AT, Bernstein J. Infertility: from a personal to a public health problem. Public Health Rep. 1999; 114(6): 494-511.
LEARNING STYLES AND STUDY HABITS OF VISUALLY IMPAIRED AND ORTHOPEDICALLY CHALLENGED COLLEGE GOING STUDENTS

Javeed Ahmad Puju & Mehmood Ahmad Khan

Page No.: 8445 - 8454

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 The present investigation has been carried out by following the objectives to study the learning styles and study habits of specially abled students viz. visually impaired and orthopedically challenged of college going s students. The investigators have selected 200 specially abled students (100 visually impaired and other 100 orthopedically challenged) students form various govt. degree colleges in Kashmir province. The data was collected by using Dunn and Dunn learning style inventory and Palsane Sharma Study habit inventory by following purposive sampling. The collected data was analyzed by using some statistical techniques. Some of the major findings have been drawn form the present study that there is significant difference between visually impaired and orthopedically challenged college going students on their learning styles and study habits. 
Keywords: visually impaired, orthopedically challenged, learning styles, study habits. College going students. 
 
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Anssari K.J, (2013) Analys?s Of Study Hab?ts And Learn?ng Styles In University Students. Education Journal Vol:21 No:1 Armstrong, A. C., Armstrong, D. & Spandagou, I. (2010). Inclusive Education: International Policy & Practice. Los Angeles: SAGE Publications. 270 Biggs, (1988). Learning Strategies and Learning Styles, In R.R. Schemeck (ed), New York: Plenum Press. Chandrkant,J.(2013) Achievement motivation, study habits of physically challenged boys and girls in Northern States of India. Indian Journal of Educational Psychology Vol 1 No 3.
METHODS TO MOTIVATE JOB SATISFACTION OF LIBRARY PROFESSIONALS

Mr. Sudhir Halvegar & Praveenkumar kumbhargoudar

Page No.: 8455 - 8459

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 Job satisfaction of employees in general is considered to be significant when an organization wants achieve user satisfaction. Academic libraries are non-profit oriented organizations. The digital technology orientation in academic libraries has thrown more challenges to the library professionals rather than to the users who at times outwit the library professionals. The social pressure from the users and online documents pressure have put the library professionals in a stress. The extent of job satisfaction may differ individually according to age, educational qualification, experience and marital status. The results revealed by the study that responding library professionals working in academic institutions in Dharwad District were found to have their job satisfaction at varying degrees. 
Keywords: Job Satisfaction; Library Professionals; Librarians 
 
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J. H. Buitendach and S. Rothman, The Validation of the Minnesota Job Satisfaction Questionnaire in Selected Organizations in South Africa, SA Journal of Human Resource Management, 7(1), 2012, 1-8. (1) J. H. Westover and J. Taylor, International Differences in Job Satisfaction, International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management, 59(8), 2010, 811-828. (1) N.O Pors and C. G. Johannsen, Job Satisfaction and Motivational Strategies among Library Directors, New Library World, 103(6), 2012, 199-209. (2) K. H. Plate and E. W. Stone, Factors Affecting Librarians’ Job Satisfaction: A Report of Two Studies, The Library Quarterly, 44(2), 2014, 97-110. (2)
NEED OF INFORMATION SEEKING BEHAVIOR AMONG PG STUDENTS

Ms. Padmavati Tubachi & Praveenkumar kumbhargoudar

Page No.: 8460 - 8465

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 The concepts defining information, information needs, information seeking and information use have undergone significant evolution since they were first introduced. A number of information seeking and retrieval studies seem to focus on these concepts, albeit in different ways. It is widely understood that concepts form the basis for describing and explaining phenomena and processes in a field of study. Within the field of Information Science, many of the concepts used need to be understood in terms of research context, as a variety of meanings can be attached to most concepts. This in turn may be of interest to researchers and students within this field. The article concludes that context should be the foundation for any research within this field, with the observation that many of the models discussed describe general information seeking behavior, without catering for variations.
Keywords: Information Seeking; Conceptual Framework
 
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Aina, L.O. 2014. Towards improving information access by semi- and non-literate groups in Africa: A need for empirical studies for their information-seeking and retrieval patterns. ProLISSA: Progress in Library and information Science in Southern Africa. Proceedings of the third biennial DISSAnet Conference, 28-29 October 2014 Farm Inn, Pretoria, South Africa. pp: 11-20. Alemna, A.A. and Skouby, K.E. 2010. An investigation into the information needs and information-seeking behaviour of members of Ghana’s legislature. Library Management, 21(5):235-240. Belkin, N.J., & Vickery, A. 2014. Interaction in Information systems: A review of research from document retrieval to knowledge knowledge-based systems (Library and Information Report 15). London: The British Library. Bellkin, N.J. , Oddy, R.N., & Brooks, H.M. 2012. ASK for information retrieval: Part I. Background and theory. Journal of Documentation, 38(2), 67-71. Belkin, Oddy, R.N., & Brooks, H.M. 2013. ASK for information retrieval: Part II. Results of a design study. Journal of Documentation, 38(3), 145-164. Borgman, C.L. 2014. Psychological research in human-computer interaction. In Williams, Martha E. (Ed.). Annual Review of Information Science and Technology: Vol.19 White Plains, NY: Knowledge Industry Publications.
A STUDY OF PERCEIVED PARENTAL ENCOURAGEMENT OF HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS IN RELATION TO LOCALITY, CASTE AND PARENTAL INCOME

Geeta Rani

Page No.: 8466 - 8470

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 Parents play an important role in all round development of the child.  Parental encouragement plays a major role in determining the attitude, behaviour and self-image of the child.  Adolescence is a period of dramatic change. Parental support and encouragement is critical in adolescence as anxiety and resulting problems related to adolescence may lead to depressed mood, lowered self esteem and impaired family and peer relationships.  200 students (100 rural and 100 urban) of 14-16 year (class 9th and 10th grade) from Government schools of Kurukshetra District of Haryana were included in sample.  Parental Encouragement scale (PES) developed by Dr. R.R.Sharma was used to collect the data. t-test and ANOVA was used to analyse the data. Findings indicated that high school students do not differ significantly in getting parental encouragement in terms of locality, caste and parental income.
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Agarwal K and Pande S K (1997). Influence of parental encouragement on educational achievement of students, Journal of Psychology and Education (28), 59-61. Malik S and Chawla P (2009). A study of parental encouragement and achievement motivation of secondary school. Gujarat Journal of Psychology and Education (5), 33-35. Mattanah, J..F., Lopez, F.G. and Govern, J.M. (2011). The contributions of parental attachment bonds to college student development and adjustment: A meta-analytic review, Journal of Counseling and Psychology (58), 565–596.
DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION OF AUDIO LESSONS IN SOCIAL STUDIES

Geeta Rani

Page No.: 8471 - 8480

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Dhamija, N. & Panda, S.K. (2006). Development of Audio Material in Social Studies for Elementary School Students, Minor Research Project, D.R.S. (SAP). Glaser, R. (1967). Instructional Technology and the Measurement of Learning Outcomes : Some Questions, American Psychologist, Vol. 18, 519-521. Idris,A.T., Shamsuddin,I.M., Arome,A.T., & Aminu,I. (2018). Use of Audio-Visual Materials in Teaching and Learning of Classification of Living Things among Secondary School Students in Sabon Gari LGA of Kaduna State. Plant, Vol. 6 (2), 33-37.
GEPAL CHAMPU KAVYA ME VIDHA VAISHISHTYA

Anju Mala Agrawal

Page No.: 8481 - 8485

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LEADERSHIP

Jeughale Poonam Balasaheb

Page No.: 8486 - 8498

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 An important distinction is made by some between leadership and manage¬ment. To manage means to direct, to bring about to accomplish, and to have responsibility for. The functions of management, as described in chapter one, are planning, organizing, directing, and controlling. The successful manager is viewed as someone who achieves results by following the prescribed activities and by maintaining behaviors and products within prescribed limits. To lead, however, is to inspire, to influence, and to motivate. Effective leaders inspire others to pursue excellence, to extend themselves and to go beyond their perform job requirements by generating creative ideas.
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IMPACT OF HEMATOLOGICAL STATUS FOR ANEMIA OF PREGANCY

Jawalkar Surekha Chandrakant

Page No.: 8499 - 8505

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 Anemia of pregnancy remains highly prevalent in Senegal despite the national iron/folic acid (IFA) supplementation program, which consists of providing prescriptions to purchase IFA to women during prenatal visits. The purpose of this study was to provide a framework for recommendations to improve the effectiveness of the program. We determined the prevalence and risk factors of anemia in a cohort of 480 pregnant women at 6 prenatal health centers in Dakar; we compared compliance after 20 weeks of supplementation between women who received prescriptions at 3 control centers and those who received free IFA at 3 intervention centers; and we assessed the factors that influenced high and low compliance in both groups. Overall, 39% of women were anemic and 71% were iron deficient (ID). Twelve percent were infected with P. falciparum; 21% had intestinal helminthes, and 6.5% had Hb AS. Women consumed foods containing iron absorption inhibitors at high frequency.
Keywords: Supplementation, Anemia, Pregnancy
 
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DeMaeyer E, Adiels-Tegman M. The prevalence of anemia in the world. World Health Stat Q 1985;38:302-316. ACC/SCN. Second report on the world nutrition situation.Global and regional results.Vol 1. Geneva: ACC/SCN, 1992.
SOWING THE SEEDS OF CHANGE: SHIFTING FROM TRADITIONAL CROPPING TO CASH CROPPING-SOME ILLUSTRATIONS FROM WESTERN HIMALAYAS

Mohinder Kumar Slariya

Page No.: 8499 - 8527

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Around 10,000 years ago human being had started domestication of plants and animals, even before this period, people had been altering plants and animal for their own benefit by using other means such as fire-stick farming. Moving from this time, agriculture has undergone drastic change because of technological development. With the changes in almost every sphere of life, agriculture has also undergone change particularly in developed and developing world, and has been characterized by enhanced productivity, the replacement of human labour to mechanization and the introduction of synthetic fertilizers and pesticides, selective breeding has changed the fate of agriculture round the globe and Himalayan states are not exception. Present paper is based on primary study conducted in Chamba and Kangra districts of Himachal Pradesh. In the state agriculture contributes nearly 45% to the net state domestic product and about93% of the state population depends directly or indirectly upon agriculture, moreover it is main source of income as well as employment. Two districts have been selected for the study because of the fact that all these districts have four agro-climatic zones and it makes ‘mini Himachal’. In these zones both types of cropping patterns i.e. rabi and kharif are being used since ages. But in present time, the seeds of change has sown and now the change is visible and people of the hilly region are changing traditional crops and shifting to cash crops.  The paper is an attempt to analyse the shift from traditional crops to cash crops which is based on primary data based research collected from two study districts from the state of Himachal Pradesh in India dividing two districts in four sub-districts and further in 30 panchayats (lowest administrative unit) and 73 villages and atleast selecting three respondents from each village, 200 respondents have been interviewed to arrive at desirable results. The study has been conducted by using exploratory, descriptive and observation methods of research. The results from the study reveals that agriculturalists having more than 5 acres of land have  changed land-use pattern while farmers having less than 5 acres land are compelled to do traditional cropping as it is compulsory to meet out their family needs. People have shifted from traditional crops to vegetables, seri-culture and horticulture and earning very good income and experienced change in the amenities available in the household as well as they are capable to provide better living conditions.
Keywords: Traditional Agricultural Practices, Mobility, Agro-climatic Zones, Himachal Pradesh
 
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"Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAOSTAT)". Archived from the original on 18 January 2013. Retrieved 2 February 2013. "India grows a grain crisis", Asia Times (Hong Kong). 21 July 2006. "Livestock a major threat to environment". UN Food and Agriculture Organization. 29 November 2006. Archived fromthe original on 28 March 2008. "Maize Streak Virus-Resistant Transgenic Maize: an African solution to an African Problem", scitizen.com, 7 August 2007.
ATTITUDE TOWARDS MODERNIZATION: A STUDY ON FEMALE STUDENTS OF BILASPUR DISTRICT

Manzoor Ahmad Parrey & Sonia Sthapak

Page No.: 8428 - 8536

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 Today is the era of modernization and every society has recognized the role of higher education in accelerating the changes in a society. Higher education is critical for developing a modern society by equipping young people with positive attitude and skills relevant for the labour market and the opportunity for social mobility. It prepares all students to be responsible citizens who value a democratic and pluralistic society. Indeed, higher education is the principal site at which our national goals, developmental priorities and civic values can be examined and refined.  It can bring attitudinal changes and can prove successful in modernizing the thought process of members of a society. The present study was conducted to assess the attitude of under-graduate and post-graduate female students towards modernization. A sample of 100 female university students i.e. 50 under-graduate and 50 post-graduate were selected by using simple random sampling technique. The students were selected from different departments of Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, Bilaspur. Attitude towards modernization was assessed by using the Modernization Scale developed by R.S. Singh, A. N. Tripathi and R. Lal. The data was analyzed by applying “t” test for testing the difference between U.G and P.G female university students attitude towards modernization. The findings of the  study revealed that choice of stream at the under-graduate level makes a difference in attitude towards modernization but at post-graduate level the choice of stream does not have any difference in the attitude of female students  towards modernization that may be due to their increased maturity level.
Keywords:  Attitude, Modernization
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Ahmad,I. (1983).Modernization and Social Change Among Muslims in India. New Delhi: Manohar Publication. Banco, A. (2008). Modernization and Social Awareness in Relation to level of Education and Occupational states of women: A case Study of Ladakh region. University News, 55(32), 21-28. Chawla, B. (2007). Women’sEducation, Health and Fertility in India: Examining Three States In India Bihar, Rajasthan and Tamil Nadu, Available from http:||susseice.stanford.edu|monographs . Chaudhari, R., (2012), A study of attitudes of B.Ed. trainees towards modernization. International Indexed & Refered Journal, 1(1), 15-19. Education and National Development. 1966. Report of the Indian Education Commission (1964 66). Delhi: The Manager of Publications. Retrieved from www.teindia.nic.in/Files/Reports/CCR/KC/KC_V2.pdf. 18/04/2014. Ganie, M.Y., & Mudasir. S, (2013) Modernization of Higher Secondary School Students With Respect To Science and Social Science Background. Retrieved from http://www.sciencepub.net/researcher.29/1/2015. Kale, R.K.(2006). Higher Education and Development of the Nation. University News, 44(33), 1-11. Patil, N. P.(2012). Role of Education in Social Change. International Educational E-Journal, 1(2), 205-209.
GLOBAL AND REGIONAL IMPLICATION OF INDO-RUSSIA RELATIONS IN PRESENT SCENARIO

Ram Vijay Singh & Navin Verma

Page No.: 8537 - 8539

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BOKARO JILE ME AVASTHIT UCHASTUR MADYAMIK VIDYALAYO ME SUCHNA EVUM SAMPRESHAN TAKNIKI KE PRATI VIDYARTHIYO KI ABHIVRUTIYO KA ADHYAYAN

Vindeshwari Pawar & Mohd. Gulam Rasool Ansari

Page No.: 8540 - 8561

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EFFECTIVENESS OF ACTIVITY BASED LEARNING PROGRAMME FOR B.ED STUDENT TEACHERS - A STUDY

Shivaji. B. Desai

Page No.: 8562 - 8570

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Education in its general sense a form of learning in which the knowledge, skills, values, beliefs, and habits of a group of people are transferred from one generation to the next through story-telling, discussion, teaching, training and research. Education may also include informal transmission of such information from one human being to another. Education frequently takes place under the guidance of others, but learners may also educate themselves (autodidactic learning). Any experience that has a formative effect on the way one thinks, feels, or acts may be considered as educational. Education is a dynamic process. It has continued to evolve diversity and extend its research since the down of human history .Every country develops its own system of Education to express and promote its unique Soci-cultural identity as well as to meet the challenges of the times. Teacher education is the soul of whole education process .Today knowledge society expects more and more information about changes Teacher education plays a vital role maintaining quality of education. Education should help in inculcating a spirit of empathy in students so that it can have positive effects on their social behavior throughout their lives. Understanding each other, resolving conflicts through dialogue and discussion should be the essential tools of present day education. Teaching strategies are defined as the process and activities employed by a teacher to aid students in acquiring new knowledge or skill in classroom. Keyword-Effectiveness, Activity based learning.
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Best J.W & J.V Khan (9ed Ed.) (2003) Research in education, New Delhi: prentice Hall of Pvt. Ltd. India Dhas,B.N.(2004). Trend of issues in Indian Education, New Delhi: Dpminat publishers and Distributor Hegehann, B.R.,(1976). Introduction to Theories of Learning, New Delhi: prentice Hall of International Thorne ,K(2003)Blended learning How tointegrate online &traditional learning London: Ans sterling. December 2003 Issue of Educational Technology, Volume 43, Number 6, Pages 51-54. Renkl, A., Atkinson, R. K., Maier, U. H., & Staley, R. (2002). From example study to problem solving: Smooth transitions help learning. Journal of Experimental Education, 70 (4), 293-315. Brant, G., Hooper, E., & Sugrue, B. (1991). Which comes first: The simulation or the lecture? Journal of Educational Computing Research, 7(4), 469-481. Schwartz, D. L., & Bransford, J. D. (1998). A time for telling. Cognition and instruction, 16(4), 475-5223. Kapur, M., & Bielaczyc, K. (2011). Classroom based experiments in productive failure. In Proceedings of the 33rd annual conference of the cognitive science society (pp. 2812-2817).
ANALYZING THE IMPACT OF FLUENCY, FLEXIBILITY, ORIGINALITY AND CREATIVITY OF ICT TOOLS DURING CLASSROOM TEACHING AND TECHNOLOGICAL STUDENTS OF RAJASTHAN

Anu Malhotra

Page No.: 8571 - 8582

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Education may be the greatest piece of triumphant foundation to emerge from the modern age. twentieth century nations have prospered for the clarification that they recognized and used practical methods for guidance and work of the comprehensive local area. The world is developing. Advancement makes us more splendid. In today?s informative technique, advancement isn't only an instrument, yet moreover a resource for getting to information. For a surprisingly long time, new ways have been used to advancement into learning measure. This paper deals with the fundamental effect on imagination with showing technique through information and correspondence development instruments.
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Lim, C.-P., Zhao, Y., Tondeur, J., Chai, C.-S., & Tsai, C.-C. (2013). Bridging the gap: Technology trends and use of Technology in Schools. Educational Technology & Society, 16(2), 59–68. Hawkridge, D. (1990). Who needs computers in schools, and why? Computers & Education, 15, 1), 1–1), 6. https://doi.org/10.1016/0360-1315(90)90121-M Spector, J. M. (2010). Learning and instruction in the digital age. In J. M. Spector, D. Ifenthaler, P. Isaias, Kinshuk, & D. Sampson (Eds.), Learning and instruction in the digital age (pp. 375–379). Boston: Springer US. Wajcman, J. (2017). Automation: Is it really different this time? The British Journal of Sociology, 68 (1), 119–127. https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-4446.12239 Friedman, T. L. (2006). The world is flat: The globalized world in the twenty-first century. London: Penguin
STR?DHANA: IS IT HER DHANA?

Snigdha Singh

Page No.: 8571 - 8580

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This paper aims to examine the attitude of some of smritik?ras regarding property rights of and for women. One will also make an effort to research her legal options regarding the alleged str?dhana. I will also attempt to look at the kind of resources accessible for women to call their own, such as landed property or money. Is str?dhana the only type of property that a woman may gift? Did she have the right to alienate property or did she have maintenance rights only? These are some of the issues that will be examined in this paper. The time frame for this paper will be 2nd century BCE to 3rd century CE. Keywords: stridhana, d?na, smritik?ras, agency, daughter, wife, roles, property, alienate
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Altekar, A.S., Position of Women in Hindu Civilization: From Prehistoric Time to the Present Day, Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass, 2005 (rprt). Banerjee, Sir G., The Hindu Law of Marriage and Stridhana, Calcutta, 1915.
KEY CHALLENGES AND POSITIVE SUGGESTIONS OF TEACHER EDUCATION

Kiran Kumar K S

Page No.: 8581 - 8587

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“No society can rise above the standard above of its teachers”. -National Policy on Education (1986). As stated by NCTE (1998) in Quality Concerns in Secondary Teacher Education, “The teacher is the most important element in any educational program. It is the teacher who is mainly responsible for implementation of the educational process at any stage.” The success of a student depends most of all on the quality of the teacher. With the advent of standard based reforms, the quality of teachers has become a major concern of policy-makers, college and university, especially at the colleges of teacher education and the public in general. Every child deserves a quality teacher. In an era of increasing standards and accountability in education, teacher quality and teacher training will be more important than ever. Teacher Training or Teacher Education is a continuous process and its pre-service and in-service components are complimentary to each other. Now a day’s Teacher preparation has been a subject of discussion at all levels, from the government, ministries, regulatory bodies, schools, to teachers themselves. Some problems are plaguing the system of teacher education so the teachers should be given the most appropriate tools during and after their training, including content knowledge and skills as well as teaching methodology to be able to do their work professionally. In this article the researcher highlighted ongoing debates that the problems, challenges and some positive suggestions to improve the quality of teacher education and these suggestions will be helpful to educationist, Policy Makers, universities and colleges and those interested to improve the quality and standard of teacher education for the future. Key Words: Education, Quality, Challenges and Suggestions.
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Chobe SP, Chobe A. School Organization. Noida: Mayur Paperbex, 2006. Darling - Hammond L., Constructing 21st century Teacher Education. Journal of Teacher Education, 57 (3), (2006) Delors J., Learning the Treasure Within: Report to UNESCO of the International Commission on Education for the 2Ist Century. UNESCO Publishing (1996) http://www.government.nl/issues/development-cooperation/milleneumdevelopment-goals-mdgs (2012)
ROLE OF INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY (ICT) IN ENHANCMENT OF TEACHING - LEARNING

Sabita Nayak

Page No.: 8588 - 8596

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Now a days, Information and Communication Technology (ICT) plays a very significant role in our daily activities. The ICT has innovated teaching–learning process. One of the goals for integrating ICTs in education is to enhance teaching-learning practices thereby improving quality of education. Considering that ICT plays an increasingly important role in society, especially if we take into account social, economic and cultural role of computers and Internet, it is clear that the time has come for the actual entry of ICT in the field of education. The combination of ICT and the internet certainly opens not only many opportunities for creativity and innovation, but also for approaching the teaching material to current generation of students. Technology saves time and gives students access to powerful new ways to explore concepts at a depth that has not been possible in the past. ICT helps the learner to share learning resources and spaces, promotes learner centered environment for cooperative learning and enhances creative thinking and problem-solving skills. ICT based education is the direction towards which the whole world is progressing. Teaching-Learning and ICT are now an integral part of our daily life, including the teaching-learning process. The present paper focuses on ‘the study of Role of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in teaching and learning process with the prime objectives (i) To understand the innovative practices through ICT (ii) To analyze the Components of ICT (iii) To discuss the role of ICT.’ Keywords: Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Teaching-Learning.
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Adu, E. O. & Olatundun, S. A. (2013). The use and management of ICT in schools: strategies for school leaders. European journal of computer science and information technology (EJCSIT) Ajayi, L. (2008). Towards effective use of information and communication technology (ICT) for teaching in Nigerian colleges of education. Asian Journal of information Technology, 5(5), 210-214.